Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ ກ່ຽວກັບ (ຢູ່) ຊັ້ນນ້ຳໃນທະເລເປີດທີ່ປອດແສງສ່ອງເຖິງ; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 31 - 3400 m (Ref. 50550), usually 31 - 1189 m (Ref. 4925). Deep-water; 66°N - 29°N, 128°E - 113°W
North Pacific: Japan to Bering Sea and to northern Baja California, Mexico.
ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 2850); ອາຍຸສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍລາຍງານມາ: 8 ປີ (Ref. 6885)
ຄີ (ໜາມ)ແຂງຢູ່ຫຼັງປາ (ທັງໝົດ) : 0; ຄີຫຼັງຂອງປາ (ຄີອ່ອນ) (ທັງໝົດ) : 13 - 15; ຄີ(ໜາມ) ແຂງຢູ່ຄີກົ້ນປາ
ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກແຂງ
ຄວາມຖີ່ຂອງກຸ່ມຖ່າຍທອດພັນ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລໄປຫານ້ຳຈືດ ແລະນ້ຳຈືດຫາທະເລ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລແລະໄປໄຂ່ຢູ່ນ້ຳຈືດ
ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ
ສັດທີ່ມີກະດູກສັນຫັຼງ
ການຖ່າຍທອດທາງກຳມະພັນຈາກພໍ່ແມ່ຫາລູກ: 0; ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ: 14 - 16; ສັດທີ່ມີກະດູກສັນຫຼັງ: 35 - 38. Adipose fin small and slender; pectorals slender and short (Ref. 6885). Gray to dark greenish blue on dorsally, lighter ventrally; black on operculum and fins; golden or claret on photophores (Ref. 6885). Branchiostegal rays: 9-10 (Ref. 31442).
Epipelagic to mesopelagic (Ref. 31442). Adults move upward in large numbers at night (Ref. 28499). Feed on fishes, copepods and euphausiids (Ref. 11712). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 31442). Lipid content is 15.6 % in fresh body weight and wax ester is 90.9 % in total lipids (Ref. 9197). Minimum depth from Ref. 82347.
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ເຄື່ອງມື
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.9 - 7.4, mean 3.4 °C (based on 877 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00411 - 0.02221), b=3.07 (2.86 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ຂະໜາດກາງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 1.4 - 4.4 ປີ (K=0.24-0.34; tm=4; tmax=8).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 67 [20, 203] mg/100g; Iron = 0.523 [0.197, 1.651] mg/100g; Protein = 16.9 [15.0, 18.7] %; Omega3 = 0.529 [0.179, 1.535] g/100g; Selenium = 16 [5, 48] μg/100g; VitaminA = 77.8 [10.3, 643.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.755 [0.380, 1.665] mg/100g (wet weight);