Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री बैथीपिलाजिक; गहराई सीमा 31 - 3400 m (Ref. 50550), usually 31 - 1189 m (Ref. 4925). Deep-water; 66°N - 29°N, 128°E - 113°W
North Pacific: Japan to Bering Sea and to northern Baja California, Mexico.
आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 2850); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 8 वर्षो (Ref. 6885)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 0; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 13 - 15; गुदा कांटा: 0; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 14 - 16; जानवरों की रीड़ का जोड़: 35 - 38. Adipose fin small and slender; pectorals slender and short (Ref. 6885). Gray to dark greenish blue on dorsally, lighter ventrally; black on operculum and fins; golden or claret on photophores (Ref. 6885). Branchiostegal rays: 9-10 (Ref. 31442).
Epipelagic to mesopelagic (Ref. 31442). Adults move upward in large numbers at night (Ref. 28499). Feed on fishes, copepods and euphausiids (Ref. 11712). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 31442). Lipid content is 15.6 % in fresh body weight and wax ester is 90.9 % in total lipids (Ref. 9197). Minimum depth from Ref. 82347.
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
साधन
Special reports
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.9 - 7.4, mean 3.4 °C (based on 877 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00411 - 0.02221), b=3.07 (2.86 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (K=0.24-0.34; tm=4; tmax=8).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 67 [20, 203] mg/100g; Iron = 0.523 [0.197, 1.651] mg/100g; Protein = 16.9 [15.0, 18.7] %; Omega3 = 0.529 [0.179, 1.535] g/100g; Selenium = 16 [5, 48] μg/100g; VitaminA = 77.8 [10.3, 643.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.755 [0.380, 1.665] mg/100g (wet weight);