分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 30 - 358 m (Ref. 130591), usually 30 - 50 m (Ref. 27115). 亞熱帶的; 16°C - 22°C (Ref. 27115); 43°N - 22°S, 35°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Mediterranean and Portugal to Angola, including the Azores. Range reported to extend south to northern Namibia (Ref. 27121).
東大西洋: 地中海與葡萄牙到安哥拉, 包括亞速群島。 範圍報告延伸南至那米比亞北部.(參考文獻 27121)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3397); common length : 15.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3397)
Lives amongst rocks, gravel, coral (Ref. 2683) and in submarine caves on the continental shelf and upper slope. Nocturnal. Adults feed on crustaceans and small fishes. Protogynous.
生活在岩石，礫石，珊瑚 (參考文獻 2683) 之中與在大陸棚與上層斜坡上的海中洞穴中。 夜行的。 吃甲殼動物與小魚。 雌性先熟的。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Protogyny is unconfirmed for this species (Ref. 103751).東大西洋: 地中海與葡萄牙到安哥拉, 包括亞速群島。 範圍報告延伸南至那米比亞北部.(參考文獻 27121)
Tortonese, E., 1986. Serranidae. p. 780-792. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 2. (Ref. 5506)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 May 2013
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 商業性
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.4 - 24.9, mean 18.3 °C (based on 72 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00513 - 0.02236), b=2.93 (2.75 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.58 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.9 [14.3, 73.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.549 [0.275, 0.994] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [17, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.292 [0.167, 0.491] g/100g; Selenium = 19.2 [8.9, 36.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 73.2 [22.6, 273.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.781 [0.499, 1.213] mg/100g (wet weight);
