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Sphyrna tiburo (Linnaeus, 1758)

Bonnethead
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Sphyrna tiburo   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Sphyrna tiburo (Bonnethead)
Sphyrna tiburo
Picture by Murch, A.

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) > Sphyrnidae (Hammerhead, bonnethead, or scoophead sharks)
Etymology: Sphyrna: Probable misspelling of sphyra (Gr.), hammer, referring to their hammer-shaped heads. (See ETYFish);  tiburo: Latin for western, an eastern Pacific relative of the Western Atlantic S. tiburo. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 10 - 80 m (Ref. 244), usually 10 - 25 m (Ref. 9253). ; 45°N - 36°S, 121°W - 32°W (Ref. 55302)

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to southern Brazil, including Cuba and the Bahamas. Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico; rare in Bermuda (Ref. 26938). Eastern Pacific: southern California, USA to Ecuador.

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm 85.0, range 80 - 90 cm
Max length : 150 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); common length : 80.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大体重: 10.8 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 12 年 (Ref. 26248)

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

Front of head semicircular in outline. No other hammerhead has front of head in semicircle. (Ref. 26938).

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Found on the continental and insular shelves, on inshore and coastal areas, over mud and sand bottoms, also on coral reefs. Often occur in shallow water including estuaries, shallow bays and over coral reefs (Ref. 9987). Spends night time hours on shallow grass flats, searching for nocturnally active invertebrate prey, moves into deeper water during the day (Ref. 27549). Feed mainly on crustaceans, also on bivalves, octopi, and small fish. Viviparous, with 6 to 9 young per litter. Size at birth about 35 to 40 cm. Not territorial. Always occurs in small groups. Considerable sexual segregation occurs. Shows diel rhythm of activity. Utilized for human consumption and processed for fishmeal.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

Viviparous, placental (Ref. 50449), with 6 to 9 young per litter. Size at birth about 35 to 40 cm.

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | 合作者

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  濒危 (EN) (A2bcd); Date assessed: 02 July 2019

CITES


CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

 





人类利用

渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋

更多信息

Trophic ecology
食物相
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
捕食者
Ecology
生态学
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体长-频率
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
繁殖
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
仔鱼
稚鱼动力学
Distribution
国家
FAO区域
生态系
标本纪录
简介
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Anatomy
Gill areas
脑重体重比
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
游泳类型
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
鱼的声音
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
遗传学
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
水产养殖描述
品种
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
合作者
References
参考文献

工具

特别资料

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网络资源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因组, 核苷酸 | GloBI | GoMexSI (interaction data) | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 国家资料库 | OceanAdapt | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公众的水族馆 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 21.8 - 28, mean 25 °C (based on 368 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5029   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00204 (0.00116 - 0.00361), b=3.10 (2.94 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.9   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (K=0.17-0.34; tm=3; tmax=12; Fec=3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (57 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   High.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 6.95 [1.35, 35.56] mg/100g; Iron = 0.372 [0.090, 1.111] mg/100g; Protein = 21.3 [19.1, 23.4] %; Omega3 = 0.115 [0.044, 0.282] g/100g; Selenium = 15.4 [4.2, 49.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.5 [4.9, 59.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.52 [0.24, 1.15] mg/100g (wet weight);