分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Beloniformes (Needle fishes) >
Hemiramphidae (Halfbeaks)
Etymology: Hyporhamphus: Greek, hypo = under + Greek, rhamphos = beak, bill (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Monsieur Picart is said to have contributed natural history specimens from Cádiz, Spain, to the ‘King’s Cabinet’, but no further elaboration is made. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 深度上下限 0 - ? m. 亞熱帶的; 37°N - 9°S, 18°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: West to Gibraltar, Morocco and Dakar, Senegal to Luanda, Angola. Eastern Mediterranean: From Lebanon and Israel.
東大西洋: 摩洛哥與達喀爾, 塞內加爾到 Luanda ，安哥拉。 也向南方的來自黎巴嫩與以色列的地中海南部而且西至直布羅陀。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26999); common length : 15.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26999)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 13 - 16; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 13 - 17. Diagnosis: body elongate; lower jaw forming long, narrow beak; upper jaw short, triangular and scaled; scales on snout; well developed preorbital crest between eye and nasal pit; pelvics fin abdominal; dorsal and anal fins placed far back on body and spineless; caudal fin slightly forked (Ref. 57227).
Occurs in coastal waters. Often enters estuaries (Ref. 2683). Live on or near the bottom where it feeds on algae and organic debris which it gathers from the surface of the sediment (Ref. 5377). Forms schools. Attracted to lights at night. Eggs are attached to aquatic vegetation by sticky threads (Ref. 6730).
出现于沿岸水域。 时常进入河口。 (参考文献 2683) 生活在或者上在底部的附近在哪里它吃藻类与有机的残砾它从沉淀物的表面聚集.(参考文献 5377) 形成鱼群。 被夜晚的灯光吸引了。 卵被黏黏线依附于水生植物。 (参考文献 6730)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東大西洋: 摩洛哥與達喀爾, 塞內加爾到 Luanda ，安哥拉。 也向南方的來自黎巴嫩與以色列的地中海南部而且西至直布羅陀。
Collette, B.B. and N.V. Parin, 1990. Hemiramphidae. p. 579-582. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4497)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.4 - 27.9, mean 21.9 °C (based on 146 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00257 (0.00115 - 0.00574), b=3.09 (2.91 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
