分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 0 - 20 m (Ref. 89972). 熱帶; 32°N - 32°S, 32°E - 143°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Line and Tuamoto islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island.
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到列島群島與 Tuamoto 島, 北至日本南部, 南至羅得豪島。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 26.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9812)
背棘 (總數) : 4 - 5; 背的軟條 (總數) : 9 - 10; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 10. Silvery in color, greenish olive above; pectoral fins pale yellow with purplish axillary spot, other fins grey (Ref. 4393).
銀色的顏色, 呈綠色的橄欖色上方; 胸鰭白黃色的有帶紫色的腋窩斑點，其他的鰭灰色的.(參考文獻 4393)
Found in coastal waters, over sandy or muddy areas of lagoons, reef flats and tide pools; enters harbors (Ref. 9812). Schooling species, swim at various depths along reefs, to about 20 meters but usually much shallower. Feed on detritus containing algae and microscopic animals, by scooping up the upper layer of sand or mud and filtering through the gills (Ref. 48637). Omnivorous (Ref. 6113). Form large schools before spawning, at the beginning of the ebb tide (in June), over shallow, open areas of the lagoon slope (Ref. 9812). Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Spawning occurs in large aggregations after dark. Marketed fresh (Ref. 9812). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 30874.
發現於沿岸水域., 遍及潟湖，礁石平臺與潮池的沙或泥濘區域; 進入港灣。 (參考文獻 9812) 群游性種, 在各種不同的深度游泳沿著礁, 到大約 20 公尺但是通常非常水淺的。 吃腐屑包含藻類與微小的動物, 藉由在沙或泥與過濾經過鰓的上面層上面鏟取。 (參考文獻 48637) 雜食性.(參考文獻 6113) 在開始退潮時 (在六月) ，在產卵之前形成大群魚群,遍及淺灘, 潟湖斜坡的開放水域.(參考文獻 9812) 卵生的, 卵是大洋性與非黏性物.(參考文獻 205) 產卵較大時黃昏以後的群集。 在市場上銷售生鮮地.。 (參考文獻 9812) 最小深度報告取自參考文獻 30874.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到列島群島與 Tuamoto 島, 北至日本南部, 南至羅得豪島。
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 July 2016
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 養殖: 商業性; 誘餌: occasionally
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.6 - 29.3, mean 28.3 °C (based on 3397 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01585 (0.01013 - 0.02480), b=2.96 (2.84 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.3 ±0.10 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Fec=195,000-897,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 45.7 [18.2, 140.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.585 [0.273, 1.350] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.1, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.172 [0.087, 0.355] g/100g; Selenium = 31.8 [16.7, 67.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 55 [14, 220] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.68 [1.09, 2.55] mg/100g (wet weight);
