分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Hippoglossinae
Etymology: Hippoglossus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek, glossa = tongue (Ref. 45335); stenolepis: From the Greek hippos (horse), glossa (tounge), steno (narrow), lepis, (scale). In 1904, a Russian scientist by the name of P.J. Schmidt first proposed the scientific name based on anatomical differences such as scale shape, pectoral fin length, and body shape which he thought distinguished it from the Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). (Ref. 94075).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 1200 m (Ref. 50550). 溫帶; 73°N - 42°N, 138°E - 123°W (Ref. 54557)
North Pacific: Hokkaido, Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk to the southern Chukchi Sea and Point Camalu, Baja California, Mexico.
北太平洋: 日本北海道與鄂霍次克海到楚克其人海洋南部與點 Camalu ，墨西哥的下加利福尼亞。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 258 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); 267.0 cm TL (female); 最大体重: 363.0 kg (Ref. ); 最大年龄: 55 年 (Ref. 55701)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 90 - 106; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 69 - 80; 脊椎骨: 49 - 51. Dorsal origin above anterior part of pupil in upper eye, generally low, higher in middle. Caudal spread and slightly lunate. Pectorals small.
在眼睛上方中的在瞳孔的前部上面的背鳍起点, 通常低的, 比较高的在中央中。 尾部的传布与些微新月状。 胸鳍小的。
Found on various types of bottoms (Ref. 2850). Young are found near shore, moving out to deeper waters as they grow older (Ref. 6885). Older individuals typically move from deeper water along the edge of the continental shelf where they spend the winter, to shallow coastal water (27-274 m) for the summer (Ref. 28499). Feed on fishes, crabs, clams, squids, and other invertebrates (Ref. 6885). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
栖息于各种不同类型的底部了。 (参考文献 2850) 当他们生长比较年长的时候，幼鱼被发现被外移至比较深的水域的近岸。 (参考文献 6885) 年纪较大的个体典型地从较深的水域移动沿着大陆架的边缘在哪里它们度过冬天, 对水浅的海岸水域 (27-274 公尺) 夏天.(参考文献 28499) 吃鱼，螃蟹，蛤，乌贼与其他的无脊椎动物。 (参考文献 6885) 生鲜使用, 乾燥或盐腌, 烟熏与冷冻的; 清蒸,油炸,火烤, 煮沸, 微波了而且烧烤了.(参考文献 9988)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
北太平洋: 日本北海道與鄂霍次克海到楚克其人海洋南部與點 Camalu ，墨西哥的下加利福尼亞。
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.3 - 5.7, mean 1.6 °C (based on 454 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00400 - 0.00995), b=3.14 (3.00 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (rm=0.2; K=0.05; tm=5-20; tmax=55).
Prior r = 0.11, 95% CL = 0.07 - 0.17, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (86 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 8.89 [2.92, 21.69] mg/100g; Iron = 0.202 [0.078, 0.561] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [16, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.391 [0.169, 0.895] g/100g; Selenium = 42.3 [14.7, 110.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.8 [2.5, 41.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.412 [0.179, 0.699] mg/100g (wet weight);
