Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; diepte 15 - 274 m (Ref. 2850), usually 60 - 149 m (Ref. 52190). Subtropical; 15°C - 28°C (Ref. 131062); 39°N - 22°N, 124°W - 110°W
Eastern Pacific: San Francisco in California, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico.
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm 24.5, range 23 - 34 cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 2850); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 1.0 kg (Ref. 40637); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 32 Jaren (Ref. 39277)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 13 - 14; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 12 - 14; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 5 - 7; Wervels: 25 - 26. Branchiostegal rays: 7 (Ref. 36715).
Adults usually found on deep reefs (Ref. 2850). Adults feed on shrimps and fish (Ref. 131062). Viviparous, with planktonic larvae and pelagic juveniles (Ref. 36715). Occasionally captured by sport fishers (Ref. 2850). Minimum depth range from Ref. 96339.
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Sportvis: ja; Aquarium: Publieke aquaria
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.7 - 17.2, mean 12.1 °C (based on 15 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00495 - 0.02022), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (tm=7; tmax=32).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.2 [5.3, 47.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.356 [0.139, 0.862] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.426 [0.167, 1.112] g/100g; Selenium = 47.9 [16.0, 145.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 98 [30, 319] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.555 [0.269, 1.066] mg/100g (wet weight);
