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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Poey.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 15 - 50 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 33°N - 8°N, 89°W - 59°W
Western Atlantic: southern Florida, USA and Bahamas to northern South America. Also Caribbean, including Antilles (Ref. 26938).
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 23.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 26340); common length : 18.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5217)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 14 - 15; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 10; شوكة شرجية: 2; أشعه شرجية لينه: 9. Spindle-shaped fish with a deeply forked tail and an extremely protrusible mouth. Dorsal fins close together (Ref. 13442).
Occurs in open water (Ref. 9710); sometimes found near the coast, mainly near oceanic islands (Ref. 5217). Sometimes found over coral heads (Ref. 9710). Feeds on zooplankton and small fishes. Marketed fresh.
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
Rocha, L.A., K.C. Lindeman, C.R. Rocha and H.A. Lessios, 2008. Historical biogeography and speciation in the reef fish genus Haemulon (Teleostei: Haemulidae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 48:918-928. (Ref. 84214)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً; طعم: occasionally
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.9 - 28, mean 26.7 °C (based on 86 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (13 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 66.5 [26.7, 138.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.719 [0.358, 1.364] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.5, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.0892 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 31.4 [15.7, 65.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 143 [51, 420] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.36 [0.87, 2.12] mg/100g (wet weight);
