You can sponsor this page

Lethrinus harak (Fabricius, 1775)

Thumbprint emperor
Ajouter votre observation dans Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Lethrinus harak   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
Envoyez vos Photos et vidéos
Pictures | Videos | Stamps, coins, misc. | Images Google
Image of Lethrinus harak (Thumbprint emperor)
Lethrinus harak
Picture by Field, R.

Classification / Names Noms communs | Synonymes | Catalog of Fishes(Genre, Espèce) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers) > Lethrininae
Etymology: Lethrinus: Greek, lethrinia, a fish pertaining to genus Pagellus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Écologie

marin; saumâtre récifal; non migrateur; profondeur 0 - 20 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 32°N - 32°S, 31°E - 155°W

Distribution Pays | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and E ast Africa to Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to northeastern Australia.

Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge

Maturity: Lm 19.5  range ? - 21.1 cm
Max length : 54.9 cm FL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 125599); common length : 30.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 30573); poids max. publié: 2.9 kg (Ref. 125599); âge max. reporté: 15 années (Ref. 2293)

Description synthétique Clés d'identification | Morphologie | Morphométrie

Épines dorsales (Total) : 10; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 9; Épines anales: 3; Rayons mous anaux: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep, its depth 2.6-2.8 times in standard length; head length 0.9-1 times in body depth, 2.7-3.1 times in SL length, dorsal profile near eye distinctly or slightly convex; snout short and blunt, its length about 2.0-2.6 times in HL, measured without the lip the snout is 0.9-1 times in cheek height, its dorsal profile nearly straight, snout angle relative to upper jaw between 60° and 70°; interorbital space convex or almost flat; posterior nostril a narrow longitudinal slit, closer to orbit than anterior nostril; eye situated close to dorsal profile, its length 3.4-4.2 times in HL; cheek not very high, its height 2.3-3.1 times in HL; lateral teeth in jaws of adults molars or rounded; outer surface of maxilla smooth or with a longitudinal ridge; D X,9 the 4th or 5th dorsal-fin spine the longest, its length 2.5-3.1 times in body depth; A III,8 with the first soft ray usually the longest, its length almost equal to or longer or shorter than length of base of soft-rayed portion of anal fin and 1.2-1.6 times in length of entire anal-fin base; pectoral-fin rays 13; pelvic-fin membranes between rays closest to body without dense melanophores; cheek without scales; 46-47 lateral-line scales usually; usually 5 ½ (sometimes 4 ½) scale rows between lateral line and base of middle dorsal-fin spines; 14-16 scale rows in transverse series between origin of anal fin and lateral line; 13-14 rows in lower series of scales around caudal peduncle; 4-8 scales in supratemporal patch; inner surface of pectoral-fin base densely covered with scales; posterior angle of operculum fully scaly. Colour of body olive or grey above, shading to silvery white below; a large elliptical black spot, often broadly edged in yellow, on side directly below lateral line and centered at a vertical near the posterior tip of pectoral fins; sometimes light blue dots bordering lower rim of eye and around nostrils; pectoral, pelvic, dorsal, and anal fins white to pinkish; caudal fin orange or reddish; vertical fins sometimes lightly mottled or striped (Ref. 114226).

Biologie     Glossaire (ex. epibenthic)

Found solitary or in small schools over shallow sandy, coral rubble, mangroves, lagoons, channel and seagrass areas inshore and adjacent to coral reefs. Feeds on polychaetes, crustaceans, mollusks, echinoderms and small fish. Reported to spawn throughout the year during the first five days of the lunar month in large aggregations in Palau. Caught mostly by shore seine, gill nets, traps, and handline. Marketed mostly fresh (Ref. 171, 68703); flesh spoils rapidly (Ref. 4369).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larves

Référence principale Upload your references | Références | Coordinateur | Collaborateurs

Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)

Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Préoccupation mineure (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 March 2015

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Menace pour l'homme

  Harmless





Utilisations par l'homme

Pêcheries: commercial
FAO - pêcheries: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Plus d'informations

Trophic ecology
Éléments du régime alimentaire
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Prédateurs
Ecology
Écologie
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Fréquences de longueurs
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larves
Dynamique des populations larvaires
Distribution
Pays
Zones FAO
Écosystèmes
Occurrences
Introductions
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill areas
Cerveaux
Otolithes
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Type de nage
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Sons de poissons
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Génétique
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Profils d'aquaculture
Souches
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Collaborateurs
References
Références

Outils

Articles particuliers

Télécharger en XML

Sources Internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genre, Espèce | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pêcheries: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: génôme, nucléotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Bases de données nationales | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Arbre de Vie | Wikipedia: aller à, chercher | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25.7 - 29.2, mean 28.5 °C (based on 3040 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.01264 - 0.01812), b=2.98 (2.94 - 3.02), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Niveau trophique (Ref. 69278):  3.6   ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Résilience (Ref. 120179):  Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (K=0.45-0.49; tmax=15).
Prior r = 0.58, 95% CL = 0.38 - 0.87, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (79 of 100).
Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 49.7 [34.2, 75.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.885 [0.562, 1.363] mg/100g; Protein = 20.5 [18.0, 22.8] %; Omega3 = 0.128 [0.087, 0.187] g/100g; Selenium = 34.2 [20.1, 62.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.1 [4.9, 137.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.54 [1.84, 3.36] mg/100g (wet weight);