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Gadiformes (Cods) >
Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Pollachius: Scottish dialect, podlock, paddle = bumpfish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي نزديك كف زي; اقیانوس رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 37 - 364 m (Ref. 5951). Temperate; 77°N - 33°N, 76°W - 35°E
Eastern Atlantic: Barents Sea, Spitsbergen to Bay of Biscay, around Iceland. Western Atlantic: southwest Greenland, Hudson Strait to North Carolina, although rare at the extremes of the range. Migrations for spawning are known to occur. Also long-distance north-south migrations for Europe and the US.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 39.1 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 130 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 1371); common length : 60.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 4645); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 32.0 kg (Ref. 7251); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 25 سال ها (Ref. 1371)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0. Chin barbel small. Lateral line smooth along its entire length. Body color is brownish-green dorsally, becoming only slightly paler ventrally. The lateral line pale.
An active, gregarious fish occurring inshore and offshore waters. Usually enters coastal waters in spring and returns to deeper waters in winter (Ref. 9988). Smaller fish in inshore waters feed on small crustaceans (copepods, amphipods, euphausiids) and small fish, while larger fish prey predominantly upon fishes. Spawn in batches (Ref. 51846). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked, canned and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Oviparous, sexes are separate (Ref. 205).
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: با ارزش تجاري بالا; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.5 - 10.2, mean 7 °C (based on 292 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00661 (0.00580 - 0.00752), b=3.06 (3.02 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 7.3 (5.6 - 9.2) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 12
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (rm=0.55-0.87; K=0.07-0.17; tm=2-10; tmax=25; Fec=220,000).
Prior r = 0.52, 95% CL = 0.34 - 0.78, Based on 21 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 11.7 [5.3, 40.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.293 [0.115, 0.731] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [16.2, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.599 [0.310, 1.230] g/100g; Selenium = 27.1 [9.3, 77.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.1 [2.8, 45.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.363 [0.184, 0.685] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
