分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Nibea: Greek, niba, nipsis = to wash.
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 非產卵性溯降河的; 深度上下限 1 - 40 m. 熱帶; 22°N - 23°S, 72°E - 149°E (Ref. 57000)
Indo-West Pacific: coasts of India and Sri Lanka eastwards extending to Queensland, Australia and New Guinea and north to Viet Nam (Ref. 3490). Found in the lower Mekong basin (Ref. 36667).
印度-西太平洋: 延伸至澳洲的昆士蘭省與新幾內亞的向東的印度海岸與斯里蘭卡而且北至越南.(參考文獻 3490) 發現於湄公河流域下游了。 (參考文獻 36667)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9772); common length : 40.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9772)
背棘 (總數) : 10 - 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 27 - 33; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 7. Snout rounded, but not swollen or projecting; upper jaw length 38-44 % of head length, lower jaw length 44-53 % of head length. First pair of mental pores close together, united by a crescent-shaped groove just behind symphysis. Teeth differentiated into large and small in both jaws. Second anal spine long, stiff, 39-59 % of head length. From 8 to 13 scale rows above lateral line to origin of dorsal fin, 12-17 scale rows below lateral line to origin of anal fin (total 21-29 scale rows). Swim bladder carrot-shaped, with 18-22 pairs of arborescent appendages along its sides, the first pair entering head beyond transverse septum. Sagitta (large earstone) with a tadpole-shaped impression, the tail of which is J-shaped.
吻圓的, 但是不是腫大或突出; 上頜長度 38-44% 的頭長, 下頜長度 44-53% 的頭長。 神經孔的第一對靠攏在一起,被新月形凹槽在瘉合處正後方結合。 齒分化成大而小的雙顎內。 第二臀鰭棘長的﹐硬的﹐和 39-59% 的頭長。 從對背鰭起點是在側線上面的 8 到 13 鱗片列,12-17 鱗片列在側線下對臀鰭起點 (總數 21-29 鱗片列). 泳鰾胡蘿蔔-形狀的, 藉由樹枝狀的附肢沿著進入頭部超過橫跨的隔壁的它的側邊，第一對的 18-22 對。 矢耳石 (大的 earstone) 具有一個蝌蚪-形狀的印象, 尾部是 J-形狀的。
Inhabits shallow coastal waters and estuaries (Ref. 9772). Juveniles occur in brackish estuaries and often ascend the lower reaches of large, turbid rivers (Ref. 2847). Found in the basin-wide mainstream of the lower Mekong (Ref. 36667). Encountered in medium to large-sized rivers both in the lower and middle Mekong (Ref. 12975). Feeds on small fishes and invertebrates. Marketed fresh as well as dried salted.
棲息於沿岸淺水區與河口。 (參考文獻 9772) 稚魚出現在半鹹淡的河口而且時常上溯到大又混濁河的下面範圍。 (參考文獻 2847) 發現於下面湄公河的整個流域主流了。 (參考文獻 36667) 在中到大型的河見到在下面的中與湄公河中游.(參考文獻 12975) 吃小魚與無脊椎動物。 在市場上銷售生鮮地了以及乾燥鹽醃。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-西太平洋: 延伸至澳洲的昆士蘭省與新幾內亞的向東的印度海岸與斯里蘭卡而且北至越南.(參考文獻 3490) 發現於湄公河流域下游了。 (參考文獻 36667)
Lal Mohan, R.S., 1984. Sciaenidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 4. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3490)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 29 June 2016
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.7 - 29.1, mean 28.4 °C (based on 942 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00462 - 0.01365), b=3.08 (2.94 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.59 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100).
