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Pastinachus sephen (Fabricius, 1775)

Cowtail stingray
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Pastinachus sephen   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Pastinachus sephen (Cowtail stingray)
Pastinachus sephen
Picture by Randall, J.E.

Classification / Names Noms communs | Synonymes | Catalog of Fishes(Genre, Espèce) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Élasmobranches (requins et raies) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Dasyatidae (Stingrays) > Hypolophinae
Etymology: Pastinachus: Latin, pastinaca = a sting ray (Ref. 45335).

Issue
This species which is similar to Pastinachus ater, an Indo-West Pacific species, is found only in Northwestern Indian Ocean. Erroneous information will be deleted.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Écologie

marin; eau douce; saumâtre récifal; amphidrome (Ref. 51243); profondeur 0 - 60 m (Ref. 6871). Tropical

Distribution Pays | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Northwestern Indian Ocean: Red Sea to Pakistan.

Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge

Maturity: Lm 98.0, range 96 - 100 cm
Max length : 183 cm WD mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 37816); common length : 65.0 cm WD mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 27550)

Description synthétique Clés d'identification | Morphologie | Morphométrie

Épines dorsales (Total) : 0. A large, plain, dark stingray with an angular snout and pectoral disc; tail long and broad-based, less than twice body length, and with no upper caudal finfold but with high lower caudal finfold- 2 to 3 times depth of tail but not reaching tail tip; no large thorns; 1 or 2 long stings on tail, further behind tail base than in most stingrays; unique hexagonal, high-crowned teeth (Ref. 5578). Dark brown or black dorsally without conspicuous markings, white ventrally (Ref. 5578). Tail black (Ref. 3263).

Biologie     Glossaire (ex. epibenthic)

Found in lagoons, reef flats, and reef faces (Ref. 12951). Also in rivers far from the sea (Ref. 5578). Feeds on bony fishes, worms, shrimp, and crabs (Ref. 12951). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Adults are sometimes accompanied by remoras or members of the trevally family (Ref. 6871). Size at birth about 18 cm WD or larger (Ref. 6871). Flesh utilized as food and skin used for polishing wood (Ref. 4832). Possibly caught by sports anglers (Ref. 5578). Recently there is a targeted fishery on this species for its skin, which is used as 'shagreen' in fashion accessories, from wallets to fancy pens; as a result, the species is in danger of disappearance (IHT 26.11.2005, p.5). Maximum length about 300 cm TL (Ref. 30573).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Size at birth ~ 18 cm WD (Ref.58048).

Référence principale Upload your references | Références | Coordinateur : McEachran, John | Collaborateurs

Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)

Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

  Quasi-menacé (NT) (A2d+3d); Date assessed: 07 February 2017

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Menace pour l'homme

  Venomous





Utilisations par l'homme

Pêcheries: intérêt commercial mineur; Aquarium: Commercial
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Plus d'informations

Trophic ecology
Éléments du régime alimentaire
Composition du régime alimentaire
Consommation alimentaire
Food rations
Prédateurs
Ecology
Écologie
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Paramètres de croissance
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Fréquences de longueurs
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Recrutement
Abondance
Life cycle
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Maturité
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fécondité
Frai
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Œufs
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Anatomy
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Type de nage
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 24.7 - 29.1, mean 28.2 °C (based on 1694 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5312   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).
Niveau trophique (Ref. 69278):  3.7   ±0.60 se; based on food items.
Résilience (Ref. 120179):  Très faible, temps minimum de doublement de population supérieur à 14 ans (Assuming Fec<10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 8.51 [1.64, 34.97] mg/100g; Iron = 0.364 [0.085, 0.964] mg/100g; Protein = 22.9 [19.9, 26.0] %; Omega3 = 0.102 [0.029, 0.298] g/100g; Selenium = 31.4 [9.0, 84.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 33 [12, 99] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.851 [0.416, 1.706] mg/100g (wet weight);