Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 5 - 50 m (Ref. 90102). Tropical
Indo-Pacific: Malaysia and Indonesia to Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to northwestern Australia and New South Wales.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 38.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3132); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 580.00 g (Ref. 3132)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 2; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 28 - 34; Sirip dubur lunak: 27 - 34.
Inhabits estuaries and on coastal and offshore reefs (Ref. 9563); also on weed bottoms and on trawling grounds. Found on muddy or silty substrates (Ref. 48637). Is an omnivore which feeds mainly on seagrass, algae, gammarid amphipods and caridean shrimps as well as on bryozoans, hydroids, ascidians, copepods, caprellid amphipods and tanaidaceans (Ref. 13426).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Shen, S.C. (ed.), 1993. Fishes of Taiwan. Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei. 960 p. (Ref. 5193)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.2 - 29, mean 28 °C (based on 898 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02399 (0.01521 - 0.03784), b=2.83 (2.70 - 2.96), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.4 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 38.6 [15.3, 88.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.612 [0.292, 1.451] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [15.6, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.0911 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 38.4 [18.0, 89.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 46.4 [11.5, 176.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.28 [0.84, 2.04] mg/100g (wet weight);
