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Perciformes/Uranoscopoidei (Sand dwellers) >
Pinguipedidae (Sandperches)
Etymology: Parapercis: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, perke = perch (Ref. 45335); vittafrons: Named for its 4 dark brown bands ('vitta') that pass ventrally and anteriorly from the eye across the front of the head ('frons' meaning face)..
More on author: Randall.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien benthopelagisch; diepte 15 - 35 m (Ref. 90102). Tropical
Western Pacific: Papua New Guinea.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 9.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 79876); 8.1 cm SL (female)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 5; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 21; Anale stekels: 1; Anale zachte stralen: 17; Wervels: 30. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body color when fresh brown dorsally, 6 U-shaped, dark brown bars, interrupted by a lateral pinkish white stripe from large roundish dark brown spots below; nape colored like body; head whitish, the operculum with 4 close-set, dark-edged, orange bars; 4 blackish bands extending below and anterior to eye, the first 2 crossing the upper lip; ventral part of head with blackish spots; spinous portion of dorsal fin orange-yellow with a large basal black spot, a white margin, and submarginal reddish line; blackish streaks extending into base of soft dorsal fin above dark bars on back with rows of small dark spots above; 2 broad, blackish stripes on caudal fin; a black bar at base of pectoral fin, followed by a pale-edged brown spot; whitish pelvic fins; D V,21; A I,17; pectoral rays 17; 57-58 lateral line scales; gill rakers 4-6 + 8-10; lower jaw projecting, 2-3 pairs of canine teeth anteriorly in upper jaw, 3 in lower; palatine teeth absent; vomerine teeth in a narrow chevron-shaped patch of 2 irregular rows of small pointed incurved teeth; greatest body depth 4.90-5.25 in SL; head length (HL) 3.45-3.55 in SL; orbit diameter 3.65-4.05 in HL; cheek scales small and cycloid (except for a few ctenoid dorsally), progressively smaller nonimbricate and partially embedded ventrally; fourth dorsal spine is the longest, 3.4-4.25 in HL; caudal fin rounded ventrally, truncate dorsally, except for a protruding pointed posterior lobe formed mainly be second and third branched rays; pectoral fins 5.3-5.55 in SL; pelvic fins just reaching anus, 4.15-4.5 in SL (Ref. 79876).
Found in silty sand areas with some rocks and debris at about 15-35 m depth (Ref. 90102).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Randall, J.E., 2008. Six new sandperches of the genus Parapercis from the Western Pacific, with description of a neotype for P. maculata (bloch and Schneider). The Raffles Bull. Zool. 19:159-178. (Ref. 79876)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Tools
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Estimates based on models
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00311 - 0.01538), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
