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Elasmobranchii (haaien en roggen) (sharks and rays) > Lamniformes (Mackerel sharks) > Megachasmidae (Megamouth sharks)
Etymology: Megachasma: megas (Gr.), large; chasma (Gr.), yawning hole or open mouth, referring to its unusually large oral cavity (See ETYFish); pelagios: Greek for “of the sea,” referring to its oceanic, epipelagic habitat (See ETYFish).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 5 - 600 m (Ref. 58302), usually 120 - 166 m (Ref. 48844). Deep-water; 40°N - 40°S, 180°W - 180°E

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Pacific Ocean: Japan, Indonesia, Philippines, Hawaii and California, USA. Atlantic Ocean: Brazil and Senegal.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m ?, range 540 - ? cm
Max length : 549 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 85838); 709.0 cm TL (female)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Wervels: 125. Body stout, tapering posteriorly (Ref. 6871), tadpole-like with larger head and tapering trunk and tail (Ref. 47786). Snout extremely short but broadly rounded (Ref 43278, 47786). Head huge, blubbery (Ref. 6871). Mouth very broad and terminal on head, with corner extending behind the eyes (Ref. 6871, 43278). Jaws huge, protrusible anteriorly but not greatly distensible laterally (Ref. 43278, 47786), lower jaw extending to snout tip (Ref. 6871). Teeth very small, numerous, hooked (Ref. 43278, 6871, 47787). Gill slits moderately long, not reaching dorsal surface of head (Ref. 6871; 43278), internal gill slits lined with dense rows of papillose gill rakers (Ref. 43278). Eyes semicircular (Ref. 47786), with no nictitating membrane (Ref. 43278, 6871, 47786). Two dorsal fins, relatively low and angular; small anal fin; long, narrow pectoral fins; moderate-sized pelvic fin; caudal fin asymmetrical, non-lunate, with a short and strong ventral lobe; upper pre-caudal pit only; caudal peduncle without keels or ridges (Ref, 6871, 43278).

Oceanic, possibly occurring in depths between 150 and 1,000 m (Ref. 6871). Epi- and mesopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on planktivorous prey such as euphausiid shrimps, copepods and jellyfish (Ref. 6871). May also eat small midwater fishes. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Possibly less active than the basking and whale sharks (Ref. 6871). Its feeding habits and habitat suggest that it may be a rare catch in the future. Ovoviviparous, embryos feeding on yolk sac and other ova produced by the mother (Ref. 50449). Males mature by 400 cm (Ref. 6871). A bright white band on the snout just above the upper jaw may play a role in feeding behavior or with recognition of individuals (Ref. 47761). Preyed on by the semi-parasitic cookiecutter shark, Isistius brasiliensis.

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding on other ova produced by the mother (oophagy) after the yolk sac is absorbed (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Size at birth <177 cm (Ref. 85838).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 November 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Harmless

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van geen belang

FAO - visserij: soortsprofiel; Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 9.7 - 23, mean 17.8 °C (based on 247 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): Zeer laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd meer dan 14 jaar (Fec assumed to be <10).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).

Megachasma pelagios Taylor, Compagno & Struhsaker, 1983