分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Issue
Kyphosus species analogus (E. Pacific) and incisor (Atlantic) in Knudsen and Clements, 2013 (Ref. 95491:65) were considered as synonyms of K. vaigiensis.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 40 m (Ref. 89972). 熱帶; 35°N - 38°S, 25°E - 133°W
Circumtropical: from the eastern Pacific across the Pacific Ocean to the Indian
Ocean, the Red Sea and the eastern and western Atlantic and the Mediterranean.
印度-太平洋: 紅海與東非南至南非奧歌亞灣 (參考文獻 6642) 而且東至夏威夷， Tuamoto 與拉帕群島。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 39 - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 559); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5450)
背棘 (總數) : 10 - 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 13 - 15; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 12 - 14; 脊椎骨: 26. This species is distinguished by the following characters: elongate and oval-shaped body; scale rows horizontally along the body appear alternately golden and bluish; metallic blue dorsally and white ventrally; caudal fin moderately emarginated; very low dorsal and anal fins; D X-XI,13-15; A III, 12-14; pectoral fin 17-20: teeth incisor-shaped; scales on interorbital region; external side of first gill arch with high number of gill rakers on lower limb 16-23, upper limb 5-10; total lateral line scale rows 63-80, 52-63 has pores; longitudinal scale rows 56-70; vertebrae: precaudal 10, caudal 16; pterygiophores, anal 13-14, dorsal 22-24. Colour of body silvery with a bluish shine, with golden horizontal lines along the body (around 23-29), dorsal lines above lateral line curved along the lateral line;; golden streak beneath eye from snout to behind anterior edge of eye; fins are grey or slightly darker grey than body colour (Ref. 95491).
灰色的有暗淡的背鰭與尾鰭鰭。 深灰色的對淡黃色的線沿著鱗片列。 有時有大斑點圖案，那是間歇地顯示.(參考文獻 48636)
Aggregate over hard, algal coated bottoms of exposed surf-swept outer reef flats, lagoons, and seaward reefs to a depth of at least 24 m. Found in exposed areas around rocky reefs (Ref. 559); adults usually close to the shore and the coastline, while juveniles are associated with flotsam and can be encountered in the open ocean close to the surface (Ref. 95491). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Usually in groups (Ref. 90102). Young (up to 5 cm) found among floating seaweed; feeding on small crustaceans (Ref. 559). Adults are carnivorous during summer and autumn but feed on Endarachne binghamiae during winter (Ref. 559). Good food fish (Ref. 559). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 30573.
聚集在裸露海浪沖刷的外礁平臺，潟湖與臨海礁石到深度至少 24 公尺的堅硬海藻覆蓋底部上。 發現於裸露的環繞著岩礁的區域了。 (參考文獻 559) 幼魚 (向上到 5 公分) 發現於漂浮的海草中了; 吃小型甲殼動物。 (參考文獻 559) 成魚是肉食性的在夏天與秋天期間但是在冬天期間吃 Endarachne binghamiae.(參考文獻 559) 好食用魚.(參考文獻 559) 最小深度報告取自參考文獻 30573 。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous (Ref. 101771).印度-太平洋: 紅海與東非南至南非奧歌亞灣 (參考文獻 6642) 而且東至夏威夷， Tuamoto 與拉帕群島。
Knudsen, S.W. and K.D. Clements, 2013. Revision of the fish family Kyphosidae (Teleostei: Perciformes). Zootaxa 3751(1):001-101. (Ref. 95491)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 July 2014
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.7 - 29, mean 27.8 °C (based on 896 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01820 (0.01138 - 0.02910), b=3.00 (2.86 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 34 [16, 63] mg/100g; Iron = 0.517 [0.303, 0.890] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.8, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.0772 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 42 [21, 89] μg/100g; VitaminA = 32.6 [6.9, 140.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.24 [0.84, 1.85] mg/100g (wet weight);
