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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Encrasicholina: Greek, egkrasicholos, -os, -on = mixed with spleen.
More on author: Fowler.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 5 - 35 m (Ref. 86942). Tropical; 42°N - 35°S, 30°E - 140°E (Ref. 189)
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and Persian Gulf south to perhaps Durban in South Africa, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, and probably Burma. Also from southern Japan to China, Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia south to Brisbane, Australia, Japan eastward to Hawaii, the Solomon Islands, Fiji, Samoa and Tahiti.
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?, range 7 - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 189)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 12 - 15; Anale stekels: 0; Anale zachte stralen: 14 - 17. Belly rounded with 3 to 6 sharp needle-like pre-pelvic scutes. Maxilla tip blunt, scarcely projecting beyond second supra-maxilla, not reaching to front border of pre-operculum. Isthmus short, preceded by small fleshy plate on urohyal between branchial membranes. Anal fin short, its origin behind base of last dorsal fin ray.
Epipelagic (Ref. 58302). A schooling species found inshore and in oceanic waters, hundreds of miles from land. Sometimes entering large atoll lagoons or deep, clear bays. Ranks among the most important food (bait) for tuna and other large pelagic fishes (Ref. 1602). Processed into nuoc-mam, a kind of fish pickle, in Indo-China (Ref. 4929).
Spawn in school (Ref. 205).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; aas: usually
Tools
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.7 - 29.2, mean 28.3 °C (based on 928 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00316 - 0.00759), b=3.26 (3.13 - 3.39), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (K=1.1-2.0).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 124 [38, 413] mg/100g; Iron = 1.16 [0.41, 3.17] mg/100g; Protein = 20 [17, 22] %; Omega3 = 0.323 [0.144, 0.762] g/100g; Selenium = 37.7 [12.9, 120.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 49.4 [9.8, 236.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.28 [0.70, 3.00] mg/100g (wet weight);
