Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina bentopelagisk. Subtropical
Western Indian Ocean: Transkei, South Africa to Madagascar but reported as far south as Still Bay (west of Mossel Bay), South Africa.
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5213); common length : 20.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 6082); publicerad maxvikt: 1.7 kg (Ref. 4370)
Short description
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 10; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 21 - 23; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 13 - 14.
Found in coastal waters and rivers. Feeds on mollusks and crustaceans (Ref. 5213). Flesh of excellent quality (Ref. 6082).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
van der Elst, R., 1981. A guide to the common sea fishes of southern Africa. C. Struik, Cape Town. 367 p. (Ref. 3670)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiell; Vattenbruk: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja
Verktyg
Special reports
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Internet-källor
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19 - 26.3, mean 24.9 °C (based on 30 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01698 (0.00689 - 0.04188), b=3.02 (2.80 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
