分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Myliobatidae (Eagle and manta rays)
Etymology: Aetomylaeus: Greek, aetos = eagle + Greek, mylio = mill, grinder (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 深度上下限 10 - 150 m (Ref. 6808). 亞熱帶的; 44°N - 35°S, 19°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Portugal and Morocco to Angola, including the Mediterranean, Madeira and the Canary Islands; then from Saldanha Bay to Natal (South Africa) and southern Mozambique (Ref. 5578).
東大西洋: 葡萄牙與摩洛哥到安哥拉，包括地中海, 馬得拉群島與加納利群島; 然後從沙丹那灣到納塔爾 (南非) 與莫三比克南部.(參考文獻 5578)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 90.0, range 35 - 148 cm
Max length : 222.0 cm WD (female); common length : 150 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 57025); 最大体重: 116.0 kg (Ref. 85836)
Long, flat, rounded snout like a duck's bill; head thick and pectoral disc with sharply curved, angular corners; upper or lower jaw; usually with 7 rows of flat teeth (Ref. 5578). Light brown with several pale blue-grey stripes (may be absent) dorsally, white ventrally (Ref. 5578).
长的，平坦的，和圆形的吻类似一个鸭子的嘴; 头部厚的与胸盘具有锐利的弯曲, 棱角; 上颌或下颌; 通常有 7 列的平坦齿。 (参考文献 5578) 淡褐色且有一些淡蓝灰色斑纹 (可能是不存在) 背面, 腹侧白色的.(参考文献 5578)
Found in coastal tropical and warm temperate waters, occasionally offshore. Sometimes found in small groups (Ref. 5578). Feed on bottom-living crustaceans and mollusks. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449), aplacental (Ref. 57025). Prized angling fish, often released (Ref. 5578). Flesh highly esteemed (Ref. 3965).
发现于了热带沿岸与暖温带水域, 偶然外海。 有时发现于小群鱼群。 (参考文献 5578) 捕食底栖甲壳动物与软件动物。 卵胎生的 (参考文献 50449), 无胎盘的.(参考文献 57025) 被重视的垂钓鱼种, 时常释放.(参考文献 5578) 肉深受喜爱的。 (参考文献 3965)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Gestation about 6 months; 3-7 young produced (Ref. 5578). Size at birth 45 cm WD (Ref. 6677).東大西洋: 葡萄牙與摩洛哥到安哥拉，包括地中海, 馬得拉群島與加納利群島; 然後從沙丹那灣到納塔爾 (南非) 與莫三比克南部.(參考文獻 5578)
White, W.T., 2014. A revised generic arrangement for the eagle ray family Myliobatidae, with definitions for the valid genera. Zootaxa 3860(2):149-166. (Ref. 97392)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
极度濒危 (CR) (A2d); Date assessed: 04 August 2020
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.7 - 24.5, mean 17.2 °C (based on 196 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00119 - 0.01269), b=3.08 (2.83 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (Fec=3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 6.08 [0.77, 110.95] mg/100g; Iron = 0.496 [0.044, 5.834] mg/100g; Protein = 20.6 [15.3, 25.8] %; Omega3 = 0.146 [0.059, 0.340] g/100g; Selenium = 32.5 [6.1, 179.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 3.64 [0.33, 39.75] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.455 [0.027, 5.132] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
