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> Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) > Scatophagidae (Scats)
Etymology: Scatophagus: Greek, skatophagos = feeding upon dung (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser; süßwasser; brackwasser demersal; amphidrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 0 - 5 m (Ref. 90102). Tropical; 20°C - 28°C (Ref. 13371); 35°N - 33°S, 48°E - 171°W

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Indo-Pacific: Kuwait to Fiji, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia. Reported from Samoa (Ref. 9710), Tonga (Ref. 53797), and the Society Islands (Ref. 2847).

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m ?, range 14 - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 108711); common length : 20.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3489)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 10 - 11; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 16 - 18; Afterflossenstacheln: 4; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 13 - 15. Ground colour greenish. Juveniles with a few large roundish blotches, about size of eye, or with about 5 or 6 broad, dark, vertical bars. In large adults, spots may be faint and restricted to dorsal part of flanks. Body quadrangular, strongly compressed. Dorsal head profile steep. Eye moderately large, its diameter somewhat smaller than snout length. Snout rounded. Mouth small, horizontal, not protractile. Teeth villiform, in several rows on jaws (ref 43044).

Inhabit harbors, natural embayments, brackish estuaries and the lower reaches of freshwater streams, frequently occurring among mangroves. Feed on worms, crustaceans, insects and plant matter (Ref. 7020, 44894, 48637). The dorsal, anal and pelvic spines are believed by Philippine fishers to be venomous and capable of inflicting wounds (Ref. 6565). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). In Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253). Marketed as fresh (Ref. 12693).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Multiple spawner (Ref. 102820).

Hauptreferenz Upload your references | Referenzen | Koordinator | Partner

Allen, G.R., 1984. Scatophagidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 4. [var. pag.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3489)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Venomous (Ref. 6565)

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: weniger kommerziell; Aquakultur: kommerziell; Aquarium: Kommerziell

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25.4 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 2701 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.8125 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03236 (0.02357 - 0.04442), b=2.92 (2.83 - 3.01), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.0 ±0.35 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 0.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): hoch, Verdopplung der Population dauert weniger als 15 Monate. (K=0.97; tm=1; Fec=486,500).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).

Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): Low.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 80.7 [40.4, 127.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.8 [0.5, 1.4] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [18.0, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.0919 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 28.9 [14.3, 62.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.8 [6.1, 87.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.49 [0.96, 2.24] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766)