Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) βενθικό(ς); εύρος βάθους 10 - 1370 m (Ref. 50610). Temperate; 65°N - 31°N, 178°E - 117°W
Eastern Pacific: Navarin Canyon in the Bering Sea to Stalemate Bank in the Aleutian Islands and San Cristobal Bay, Baja California, Mexico.
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm 38.5, range 38 - 40 cm
Max length : 76.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 2850); common length : 40.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 56527); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 3.5 kg (Ref. 56527); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 56 έτη (Ref. 74500)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 0; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 90 - 116; Εδρικές άκανθες: 0; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 80 - 96; Σπόνδυλοι: 50 - 54. Dorsal origin above middle of upper eye. Caudal imperfectly rounded.
Adults occur on mud bottom (Ref. 2850). They move into deep water in winter (Ref. 2850). Produce large amounts of slime which may cover other fishes when caught in trawls (Ref. 4925). Marketed as mink food (Ref. 4925) or as fillet (Ref. 2850).
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); αλιεία αναψυχής: ναί
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.1 - 6.3, mean 3.5 °C (based on 248 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00367 - 0.01135), b=3.07 (2.91 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Χαμηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 4,5 - 14 έτη (tm=5; tmax=56; K=0.26; Fec=37,000).
Prior r = 0.29, 95% CL = 0.19 - 0.44, Based on 2 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 14.7 [8.7, 29.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.211 [0.121, 0.389] mg/100g; Protein = 16.7 [14.7, 18.8] %; Omega3 = 0.337 [0.163, 0.715] g/100g; Selenium = 27.8 [13.8, 59.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.77 [1.73, 33.10] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.373 [0.269, 0.554] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.