Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي نزديك كف زي; غير مهاجر (Ref. 43439); تغييرات عمق 0 - 24 m (Ref. 51666), usually 0 - 1 m (Ref. 43439). Subtropical; 46°N - 27°N, 126°W - 113°W
Eastern Pacific: southern Oregon, USA to northern central Baja California, Mexico; rare south of Point Conception, California, USA.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 40.6, range 36 - 45.72 cm
Max length : 76.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 2850); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 18 سال ها (Ref. 43439)
Common inshore, in tide pools or shallow rocky areas, from the intertidal zone to 24 m depth. May remain out of water under rocks or seaweed (Ref. 31184). Feeds mainly on crustaceans and algae. Breathes air (Ref. 31184) and can remain out of water for 15-35 hours if kept moist (Ref. 51276). Demersal spawners in nearshore habitats (Ref. 56049). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Commonly caught by 'poke-poling', a method using a long bamboo pole with a very short wire leader and baited hook. Good eating.
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Oviparous (Ref. 205). Nests in crevices (Ref. 205). A parent coils about the eggs (Ref. 205).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: معاش ماهیگیری; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله; آكواريوم: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 12.2 - 19, mean 15.9 °C (based on 70 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (tm=4; tmax=18; Fec = 18,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
