分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Ovalentaria/misc (Various families in series Ovalentaria) >
Embiotocidae (Surfperches)
Etymology: Hyperprosopon: Greek, hyper = over + Greek, prosopon = face, snout of animal (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 ? - 18 m (Ref. 2850). 亞熱帶的; 52°N - 26°N, 130°W - 113°W
Eastern Pacific: Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada to central Baja California in Mexico, including Guadalupe Island (off northern central Baja California).
東太平洋: 對中央的墨西哥的下加利福尼亞的加拿大卑詩省的溫哥華島, 包括哥德洛普島島 (外海的中北部的下加利福尼亞).
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2850); 最大年龄: 6 年 (Ref. 56049)
背棘 (总数) : 8 - 10; 背的软条 (总数) : 25 - 28; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 30 - 35; 脊椎骨: 33 - 37. Dark blue dorsally, sides and belly silvery with young having narrow golden vertical bars; tips of pelvic fins black; dusky on edge of caudal fin (Ref. 6885).
背面深蓝色, 侧边与腹面银色的有有狭窄的金纵带的幼鱼; 腹鳍顶端黑色; 暗色的在尾鳍的边缘上.(参考文献 6885)
Live in surf on sand beaches and over sand near rocks, often around piers. Often occur in dense schools. Feed on small crustaceans. Viviparous, female carries the developing young (Ref. 205). Usually bear 5-12 young. An important game species.
在沙滩上生活于海浪与在岩石附近的沙子之上, 时常码头的周围。 时常出现在密集的鱼群。 捕食小型甲壳动物。 通常有 5-12个幼鱼。 一个重要的比赛种。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Viviparous, female carries the developing young (Ref. 205).東太平洋: 對中央的墨西哥的下加利福尼亞的加拿大卑詩省的溫哥華島, 包括哥德洛普島島 (外海的中北部的下加利福尼亞).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 10.7 - 19, mean 12.8 °C (based on 115 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01905 (0.00827 - 0.04391), b=2.97 (2.77 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=1; tmax=6).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
