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Cheilotrema saturnum (Girard, 1858)

Black croaker
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Cheilotrema saturnum   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Cheilotrema saturnum (Black croaker)
Cheilotrema saturnum
Picture by Gotshall, D.W.

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: More on author: Girard.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien demersaal; diepte ? - 46 m (Ref. 2850), usually 3 - 15 m (Ref. 2850). Subtropical; 34°N - 20°N, 121°W - 109°W

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Eastern Pacific: California, USA to Baja California, Mexico.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm ?, range 27 - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9118); common length : 30.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9118); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 700.00 g (Ref. 2850); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 20 Jaren (Ref. 72462)

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Common species found near the bottom, often in caves and crevices of exposed coasts and open bays (Ref. 9118). Feeds on crabs (Ref. 9118).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Oviparous (Ref. 240).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Onvoldoende gegevens (DD) ; Date assessed: 14 February 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Harmless





Gebruik door de mens

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 16.7 - 24.2, mean 22.3 °C (based on 110 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00538 - 0.01619), b=3.09 (2.94 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  3.6   ±0.60 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 6.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.18).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100).