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俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Etheostoma: Greek, etheo = to strain + Greek, stoma = mouth; Rafinesque said "various mouths", but Jordan and Evermann suggest the name might have been intended as "Heterostoma (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 底中水层性. 溫帶; 4°C - 18°C (Ref. 2059); 46°N - 34°N
North America: Atlantic, Great Lakes, and Mississippi River basins from southern Quebec in Canada to Minnesota, and south to South Carolina (in Santee River system) in northern Alabama, and northeastern Oklahoma in the USA.
北美洲: 大西洋，五大湖與密西西比河流域從加拿大魁北克南部到明尼蘇達州, 而且在美國的阿拉巴馬州北部 , 與俄克拉荷馬州東北部中南至南卡羅萊那州 (在 Santee 河系統)。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 8.4 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 5.2 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年龄: 4 年 (Ref. 12193)
Inhabit rocky riffles of creeks and small to medium rivers (Ref. 5723, 10294); also found in small to medium upland streams (Ref. 10294). Adults feed on midge, blackfly, and caddisfly larvae, mayfly nymphs, isopods, and amphipods (Ref. 10294). Eggs are found clustered on underside of stone and guarded by males (Ref. 7043).
栖息于小溪及小型到中型河川的岩石的急流。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Eggs are found clustered on underside of stone (Ref. 7043). Males guard the eggs (Ref. 7043).北美洲: 大西洋，五大湖與密西西比河流域從加拿大魁北克南部到明尼蘇達州, 而且在美國的阿拉巴馬州北部 , 與俄克拉荷馬州東北部中南至南卡羅萊那州 (在 Santee 河系統)。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00353 - 0.01129), b=3.08 (2.93 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.39 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.81; tmax=4; Fec=10-121).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
