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Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Etheostoma: Greek, etheo = to strain + Greek, stoma = mouth; Rafinesque said "various mouths", but Jordan and Evermann suggest the name might have been intended as "Heterostoma (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
; Γλυκού νερού βενθοπελαγικό. Temperate; 4°C - 18°C (Ref. 2059); 46°N - 34°N
North America: Atlantic, Great Lakes, and Mississippi River basins from southern Quebec in Canada to Minnesota, and south to South Carolina (in Santee River system) in northern Alabama, and northeastern Oklahoma in the USA.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 8.4 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 5723); common length : 5.2 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 12193); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 4 έτη (Ref. 12193)
Inhabit rocky riffles of creeks and small to medium rivers (Ref. 5723, 10294); also found in small to medium upland streams (Ref. 10294). Adults feed on midge, blackfly, and caddisfly larvae, mayfly nymphs, isopods, and amphipods (Ref. 10294). Eggs are found clustered on underside of stone and guarded by males (Ref. 7043).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Eggs are found clustered on underside of stone (Ref. 7043). Males guard the eggs (Ref. 7043).
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00353 - 0.01129), b=3.08 (2.93 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.39 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (K=0.81; tmax=4; Fec=10-121).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).