Issue
This species is synonym of Macruronus novaezelandiae (Hector, 1871) in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Jan. 2012: Ref. 89336). Waiting for more confirmation. Please send references or more studies are needed.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; محيطية (Ref. 51243); نطاق العمق 30 - 500 m (Ref. 1371). Subtropical; 34°S - 60°S, 79°W - 52°W (Ref. 1371)
Southeast Pacific and Southwest Atlantic: off southern Chile and Argentina.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?, range 54 - ? cm
Max length : 115 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 7063); common length : 80.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 1371); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 5.0 kg (Ref. 1371); العمر: 19 سنين (Ref. 122851)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 1; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 100 - 113; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 83 - 90. Dorsal part of body purplish blue, belly silvery with a slight bluish tinge; small melanophores scattered on fin membrane of dorsal and anal fins; inside of mouth blackish (Ref. 1371).
Schooling species which are concentrated on the outer part of the continental shelf (Ref. 1371). Feeds mainly on fish (herring, anchovies, lantern fishes), also on mysids, cephalopods, euphausiids and amphipods (Ref. 1371). Migrates southward in spring and summer and northward in winter (Ref. 1371). Utilized fresh, frozen and for fishmeal (Ref. 1371).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: ذو قيمة تاجرية عالية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.5 - 9.7, mean 6.5 °C (based on 311 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00407 (0.00228 - 0.00729), b=2.97 (2.80 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.55 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (K=0.09-0.1).
Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.42, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 35.8 [16.1, 79.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.788 [0.361, 1.658] mg/100g; Protein = 17.5 [15.2, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.189 [0.091, 0.377] g/100g; Selenium = 60.1 [27.6, 133.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.4 [3.5, 43.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.502 [0.326, 0.773] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
