分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods)
鱈形目 (Cods) >
Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
鱈科 (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Micromesistius: Greek, mikros = small + greek, mesos = middle + Greek, istion = sail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Risso.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海區的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 150 - 3000 m (Ref. 3663), usually 300 - 400 m. 溫帶; 79°N - 26°N, 82°W - 51°E (Ref. 1371)
Northeast Atlantic: Barents Sea south through the eastern Norwegian Sea, around Iceland, then in the western Mediterranean, and south along the African coast to Cape Bojador. Northwest Atlantic: southern Greenland and off southeast Canada and the northeastern coast of the USA.
東北大西洋: 巴倫支海南至挪威的海洋東部, 冰島的周圍, 然後在地中海西部, 而且向南延伸非洲岸邊到勃查多爾角。 西北大西洋: 格陵蘭南部與外海的加拿大東南部與美國的東北方海岸。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 15.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 55.5 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 106276); common length : 22.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1371); 最大體重: 830.00 g (Ref. 40637); 最大年齡: 20 年 (Ref. 1371)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 24 - 28; 臀鰭軟條: 33 - 39. Dorsal fins widely spaced, interspace between second and third fins longer than base length of first dorsal fin. Lateral line continuous over whole body. Color is blue-gray dorsally, grading to white ventrally. Sometimes with a small black blotch at the base of the pectoral fin.
背鰭分開很遠, 在第二個與第三個鰭第一背鰭的長度超過基底長度之間的間隔。 側線連續的全身之上。 色彩是藍灰色的背面, 漸層色到腹側白色的。 在胸鰭的基底有時有一個小的黑色斑塊。
Found over the continental slope and shelf to more than 1000 m, but more common at 300-400 m. Feeds mostly on small crustaceans but large individuals also prey on small fish and cephalopods. Makes daily vertical migrations: surface waters at night and near the bottom during the day. Sold fresh and frozen, and also processed as oil and fishmeal (Ref. 1371).
發現在大陸斜坡與大陸棚到上.超過 1000 公尺, 但是更普遍於的 300-400 公尺。 大部份捕食小型甲殼動物，但是大的個體也捕食小魚與頭足類動物。 製造每日的垂直性迴游: 水表面在晚上與在底部的附近在白天期間。 生鮮販賣.與冷凍, 以及處理如油與魚粉.(參考文獻 1371)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous and gonochorous (Ref. 205).東北大西洋: 巴倫支海南至挪威的海洋東部, 冰島的周圍, 然後在地中海西部, 而且向南延伸非洲岸邊到勃查多爾角。 西北大西洋: 格陵蘭南部與外海的加拿大東南部與美國的東北方海岸。
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 3.1 - 13.9, mean 7 °C (based on 157 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00417 (0.00343 - 0.00507), b=3.12 (3.06 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.8 (3.1 - 5.0) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 15
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.18-0.22; tm=1-5; tmax=20; Fec=6000).
Prior r = 0.47, 95% CL = 0.31 - 0.70, Based on 9 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 59.8 [18.9, 176.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.423 [0.151, 1.166] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.2, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.249 [0.113, 0.554] g/100g; Selenium = 8.99 [2.88, 24.62] μg/100g; VitaminA = 33.2 [3.4, 311.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.712 [0.380, 1.580] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
