Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской батидемерсальный; мигрирует в океане (Ref. 51243); пределы глубины 320 - 830 m (Ref. 54340). Temperate; 46°N - 19°N, 113°E - 143°E (Ref. 54340)
Northwest Pacific: Japan, Korean Peninsula and the East China Sea.
Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 559); наибольший возраст (опубликованны данные): 8 годы (Ref. 72462)
Краткое описание
определительные ключи | морфология | морфометрия
позвонки: 142 - 148. Head and body with white spots. Lower jaw moderate in size, premaxillary teeth not exposed when closed. Upper lip groove deep (appearing folded up). Maxillary teeth arranged in almost 1 row. Preanal lateral line pores 39-43 (Ref. 41299).
Common on coasts of Japan, in sandy-muddy bottoms (also Ref. 11230); most relished among the congrids. Captured and cultured for fishery in Japan.
Life cycle and mating behavior
половая зрелость | размножение | нерест | икра | Fecundity | личинки
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: важный объект промысла; объект спортивного рыболовства: да
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.5 - 13.5, mean 8.8 °C (based on 41 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00059 (0.00039 - 0.00090), b=3.23 (3.11 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.68 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (Assuming tm>4).
Prior r = 0.51, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.76, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 23.4 [14.3, 41.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.299 [0.176, 0.494] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [15.4, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.6 [0.3, 1.6] g/100g; Selenium = 27.9 [15.5, 51.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.56 [2.37, 30.98] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.377 [0.277, 0.529] mg/100g (wet weight);
