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Umbra pygmaea (DeKay, 1842)

Eastern mudminnow
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> Esociformes (Pikes and mudminnows) > Umbridae (Mudminnows)
Etymology: Umbra: Latin, umbra, -ae = shadow, in the sense of phantom; due to its quick movements (Ref. 45335).
More on author: DeKay.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

; Água doce demersal; pH range: 6.0 - 6.5; dH range: 3 - 8; não migratória. Temperate; 4°C - 23°C (Ref. 1672); 42°N - 30°N

Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

North America: Atlantic and Gulf slopes from southeastern New York (including Long Island) to St.Johns River drainage in Florida and west to Aucilla River drainage in Florida and Georgia, USA (Ref. 5723). Introduced (but very localized) to central and western Europe (Ref. 59043).

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: Lm 3.7  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.7 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 88166); 15.0 cm TL (female)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais (total) : 14 - 15; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais : 8 - 11. Body robust, thick, little compressed; head bluntly conic; snout short, equal to diameter of eye; mouth moderate, jaws short, mandible protrudes slightly beyond tip of upper jaw, premaxillaries not protractile. Gill rakers short and numerous. Dorsal inserted near pectoral than caudal base; pelvic inserted just before origin of dorsal , rays of depressed fin reaching to about 3rd anal ray. Caudal fin rounded, with 18-20 rays (Ref. 2196). Pigmentation: yellowish green with 10-12 narrow lateral dark stripes; a dark stripe through eye; a black basicaudal bar; lower jaw pale; fins plain. Also Ref. 40476.

Biologia     Glossário (p.ex. epibenthic)

Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Inhabits quiet streams, sloughs, swamps and other wetlands over sand, mud and debris, often among dense vegetation. Juveniles also found among aquatic vegetation, often forming schools of 10-12 individuals (Ref. 39069). An introduced species in Europe which usually occurs in small isolated ponds and peat bogs (Ref. 59043). Oviparous, larvae remain in algal nest for about 6 days (Ref. 39067). Spawning takes place in April and May (Ref. 30578). Feeds on insect larvae, worms, mollusks, crustaceans alevins. Experimental studies show that this species can tolerate acidic environment, particularly, at ph values ranging from 4.0 to 7.0 where no mortality or significant changes in blood plasma osmolarity and haematocrit was observed (Ref. 59260).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

  Segura ou pouco preocupante (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 March 2012

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

  Harmless





Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: sem interesse; Aquário: Espécies comerciais
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.6329   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00504 - 0.02078), b=3.10 (2.91 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  3.3   ±0.39 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (tm=1.5-2; Ave. Fec=342).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).