Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
; ນ້ຳຈືດ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃກ້ໜ້າດິນໃຕ້ພື້ນທ້ອງນ້ຳ; ກຸ່ມຫຼືຊະນິດປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍພາຍໃນນ້ຳຈືດ (Ref. 51243); ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 10 - ? m (Ref. 7248). Tropical; 22°C - 23°C (Ref. 2059); 25°N - 22°S, 16°W - 40°E
Africa: Nile, Congo system, upper and middle Zambezi (Ref. 3820). Reported from Lake Rukwa and the lower Zambezi (Ref. 95585). Also from Lakes Tanganyika and Edward (Ref. 7248). In West Africa known from the Gambia, Upper Senegal, Niger, Benue, Lake Chad, Volta, and coastal basins from Guinea to Nigeria, including the delta of Niger and the Cross river (Ref. 57129). In Lower Guinea present in the Cross and Sanaga in Cameroon and the Ogowe in Gabon (Ref. 81644).
ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm SL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 4967); ນ້ຳໜັກສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍຈັດພີມມາ: 55.0 kg (Ref. 7248)
ຄີ (ໜາມ)ແຂງຢູ່ຫຼັງປາ (ທັງໝົດ) : 0; ຄີຫຼັງຂອງປາ (ຄີອ່ອນ) (ທັງໝົດ) : 26 - 35; ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ: 42 - 52; ສັດທີ່ມີກະດູກສັນຫຼັງ: 55 - 61. Diagnosis: length of rayed dorsal fin 27-36% standard length; 26-35 dorsal-fin rays (Ref. 57129, 81644). Length of adipose fin 24-34% standard length (Ref. 57129, 81644), about equal to the length of the rayed dorsal fin (Ref. 28714). Width of vomerine tooth plate 25.0-32.2%, and width of premaxillary tooth plate 29.5-36.9% head length (Ref. 57129, 81644). Pectoral spine with strong, downward-pointed serrations on the anterior side (Ref. 270, 57129, 81644). Length of pectoral fin 12.7-18.0% SL (mean 16) (Ref. 81644). Posterior part of adipose fin blackish (Ref. 4967, 57129). Caudal fin with a whitish cross-bar (Ref. 57129). Head long, broad and somewhat rectangular in dorsal outline (Ref. 270), its length 28.4-35.9% SL (Ref. 81644). Snout broadly rounded; eyes superolateral in position; frontal fontanelle long and narrow; occipital fontanelle oval-shaped; tooth plates wide; suprabranchial organ well developed; caudal fin barred; openings of secondary canals hardly visible but display a regular pattern (Ref. 270).
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); An uncommon species which inhabits large rivers (Ref. 4967). Largest freshwater species in southern Africa; occurs in large deep rivers within the mainstream or in deep pools and lakes or backwaters (Ref. 7248, 78218). Most active at night, feeding on any available food, including invertebrates and insects when small, fish and other small vertebrates when large; scavenges off large carcasses and offal from riverside villages; live for 12 or more years (Ref. 7248). Maximum reported size for West Africa and Lower Guinea: 610 mm TL (Ref. 57129, 81643).
Life cycle and mating behavior
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ | ການສືບພັນ | ການວາງໄຂ່ | ໄຂ່ | ຄວາມດົກຂອງໄຂ່ປາ | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Teugels, G.G., B. Denayer and M. Legendre, 1990. A systematic revision of the African catfish genus Heterobranchus Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, 1809 (Pisces: Clariidae). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 98:237-257. (Ref. 270)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ການປະມົງ: ທີ່ເປັນການຄ້າໜ້ອຍ; ການລ້ຽງສັດນ້ຳ: ເປັນສີນຄ້າ; ຊະນິດປາທີ່ຖືກນຳໃຊ້ເຂົ້າໃນການຫາເພື່ອເປັນເກມກິລາ: ແມ່ນ
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00607 - 0.00993), b=2.93 (2.86 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 10.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ຕຳ່, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 4.5 - 14 ປີ (K=0.11; tmax > 11; Fec > 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 51.6 [22.9, 102.5] mg/100g; Iron = 1.02 [0.53, 1.99] mg/100g; Protein = 16.9 [15.4, 18.6] %; Omega3 = 0.248 [0.091, 0.639] g/100g; Selenium = 131 [55, 297] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.2 [6.5, 51.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.06 [0.68, 1.56] mg/100g (wet weight);
