分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Issue
Muraena augusti (Kaup, 1856) is considered as a valid species by Jiménez et al. (2007: Ref. 58348). Page to be created soon.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 801 m (Ref. 58348), usually 100 - 300 m (Ref. 58348). ; 52°N - 13°N, 32°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: south of British Isles to Senegal, including the Mediterranean, Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands, and Cape Verde.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 75.5, range 69 - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12382); common length : 80.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3397); 最大體重: 6.5 kg (Ref. 58348); 最大年齡: 38 年 (Ref. 58348)
A nocturnal and territorial species (Ref. 12382), commonly lurking in holes, and writhing snakelike through crevices, under rocks or corals. Feeds on fish, crabs and squid (Ref. 12382). It seldom attacks unless provoked (Ref. 3256). A gonochoristic species (Ref. 32169). Utilized fresh and eaten broiled, boiled and baked; the skin can be used for leather (Ref. 9987).
Migrate to offshore waters to spawn (Ref. 98745).
Smith, D.G. and E.B. Böhlke, 1990. Muraenidae. p. 136-148. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4450)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.1 - 16.2, mean 14.4 °C (based on 181 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00056 (0.00048 - 0.00066), b=3.27 (3.23 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.61 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (tmax=38.1; tm=7.1; K=0.078).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (79 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 11.6 [5.8, 23.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.433 [0.231, 0.841] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.0, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.193 [0.077, 0.603] g/100g; Selenium = 40.8 [19.0, 84.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 42.5 [12.0, 154.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.452 [0.295, 0.682] mg/100g (wet weight);
