分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Beloniformes (Needle fishes)
頜針魚目 (Needle fishes) >
Belonidae (Needlefishes)
頜針魚科 (Needlefishes)
Etymology: Potamorrhaphis: Greek, potamos = river + Greek, rhaphis = needle (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 大洋性; 深度上下限 0 - ? m. 熱帶; 23°C - 26°C (Ref. 2059)
South America: Amazon and Orinoco River basins, and the Guianas.
南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域，奧里諾科河河, 與圭亞那。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 29.1 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40653); common length : 12.3 cm OT 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 10994)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 29 - 36; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 25 - 32; 脊椎骨: 68 - 78. Predorsal scales 85-135, mean 110.3 (Ref. 10994, Table 7).
前背的鱗片 85-135, 意謂 110.3.(參考文獻 10994, 表 7)
Forms schools at the surface. Prefers to inhabit marshes, small slow-moving creeks or even in main river beds, in the slowest parts of meandering streams next to banks (Ref. 35237). Voracious carnivore which appears to have a primarily nocturnal habit (Ref. 27188). During reproduction, the male positions itself beside the female or crosswise in front of her. Sometimes the male touches the female with his side, pushing her aside in an oblique position, with their heads oriented downwards. The couple settles next to a bush where the female spawns her eggs (15 to 40). Eggs adhere to plants by means of sticky filaments which are 2 to 3 mm long. At 27-30°C, incubation lasts for 9 to 10 days. Larvae are pelagic and carnivorous (Ref. 35237). Maximum length 40 cm TL in Keith et al., 2000 (Ref. 35237).
形成魚群在水表面。 偏愛居住於濕地, 小的緩慢移動的小溪或者甚至在主要的河床, 在曲折溪流的最慢部份中緊鄰著岸.(參考文獻 35237) 狼吞虎嚥的食肉動物那似乎有一個主要夜行的習慣。 (參考文獻 27188) 在繁殖的時候，雄魚置身於母魚旁邊或斜地在她之前。 有時雄魚以他的身邊,在一個斜的位置中推動她的旁邊, 接觸雌魚與他們的頭部朝向下面。 一對定居緊鄰著母魚產下卵的矮樹叢.(15 到 40) 卵經由黏黏的絲狀突起黏附在植物那是 2 到 3 mm 長。 在 27-30 °C ，孵育持續達 9 到 10 天。 仔魚是大洋性與肉食性的。 (參考文獻 35237) 在 Keith 等人的最大長度 40 公分TL。,2000.(參考文獻 35237)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
The eggs are attached to underwater vegetation. At 27-30 deg. Celsius the larvae hatch after 9 - 10 days. The larvae are pelagic carnivores.南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域，奧里諾科河河, 與圭亞那。
Collette, B.B., 1982. South American freshwater needlefishes of the genus Potamorrhaphis (Beloniformes: Belonidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 95(4):714-747. (Ref. 10994)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 21 August 2020
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00126 (0.00057 - 0.00279), b=3.11 (2.93 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (19 of 100).
