Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক; ঈষৎ লোনা ; গভীরতার পরিসীমা 5 - ? m (Ref. 12166). Tropical; 39°N - 1°S, 103°E - 138°E (Ref. 54449)
Indo-Pacific: Indian Ocean (Kuwait Bay and Pondicherry), Java Sea (Singapore), East China Sea (Canton north to the Koreas and southern Japan, as far as Osaka on the Pacific coast and Fukuoka in Sea of Japan, also Peter the Great Bay in Soviet waters).
আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 56557); common length : 30.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 27773); সবের্াচ্চ প্রকাশিত ওজন : 140.00 g (Ref. 4883)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 0; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 0; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 43 - 53. Body slender, belly with usually 24 to 25 + 10 to 15, total 34 to 42 scutes. Eye large, lower jaw projecting. Dorsal fin origin at about midpoint of body or a little behind; anal fin origin a little behind dorsal fin base. Swim bladder with a long tube passing back down right side of body above anal fin base.
Found inshore, entering estuaries and presumably able to tolerate lowered salinities; also found in semi-enclosed sea areas (Ref. 11230). A warm-water species that does not reach the northern part of its range in cool years. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.6 - 29, mean 27.9 °C (based on 396 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00437 - 0.01045), b=3.02 (2.90 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.61 se; based on food items.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): মাধ্যম , সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১.৪-৪.৪ বৎসর (tm=2; Tmax=6-7; K=0.2-0.4).
Prior r = 0.88, 95% CL = 0.58 - 1.32, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 104 [61, 212] mg/100g; Iron = 1.41 [0.84, 2.22] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [18.1, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.364 [0.193, 0.671] g/100g; Selenium = 44.5 [22.8, 87.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 21.5 [8.1, 52.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.15 [0.82, 1.60] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
