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Ophidiiformes (Cusk eels) >
Bythitidae (Livebearing brotulas)
Etymology: Grammonus: Greek, gramma = signal, mark + Greek, onos = hake.
More on authors: Smith & Radcliffe.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas batidemersal; intervalo de profundidade 45 - 345 m (Ref. 34024). Deep-water
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, Japan, East China Sea, and the Philippines.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 559)
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais (total) : 75 - 87; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais : 50 - 62. Body color reddish-brown. Head large and broad. Scales present on head. Opercular spine small, but with a sharp pointed tip. Attains 21 cm SL.
Uncommon species found on soft bottom (Ref. 34024). Ref. 9942 gives maximum depth to be 1,260 m.
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Nielsen, J.G., D.M. Cohen, D.F. Markle and C.R. Robins, 1999. Ophidiiform fishes of the world (Order Ophidiiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of pearlfishes, cusk-eels, brotulas and other ophidiiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(18):178p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 34024)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: sem interesse
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
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Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 12.9 - 26.5, mean 19.5 °C (based on 337 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00172 - 0.01163), b=3.10 (2.87 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).