分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Ehiravidae (River sprats)
Etymology: Clupeonella: Latin, clupea = sardine, derived from Clupeus = shield; diminutive (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Oscar Andreevich von Grimm (1845–1921) was a Russian ichthyologist who was the Chief Inspector of Russian fisheries. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 半咸淡水 大洋性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 ? - 32 m (Ref. 188). 溫帶; 43°N - 35°N, 47°E - 54°E (Ref. 188)
Former USSR and Asia: central and southern parts of the Caspian Sea.
前蘇聯與亞洲: 裡海的中部與南部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 8.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.5 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188); common length : 11.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188); 最大体重: 23.00 g (Ref. 117561); 最大年龄: 8 年 (Ref. 117561)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 13 - 21; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 12 - 23. Body moderately slender; head long and narrow; belly sharply keeled, with 26 to 32 scutes; pectoral fin tips rounded; last two anal fin rays enlarged; pterotic bulla absent; no notch at the center of the upper jaw.
身体一般细长; 头部长而狭窄的; 腹面锐利地龙骨, 藉由 26 到 32个鳞甲; 胸鳍顶端圆的; 最后两个臀鳍棘条增大了; pterotic 文件印章不存在; 在上颌的中心的没有凹槽。
Schools in the open sea, not approaching shores. Occurs mainly in the south in winter, migrating to the middle parts of the sea in spring and returning south in November-December. Found in upper layers in March-April, but descends to 16 to 32 m in summer and autumn. Feeds mainly on copepods, also pelagic mysids and small fishes. Breeds in January-September intermittently in the open sea. Stocks said to be depleted in southern part of Caspian Sea.
在开放海域内形成鱼群, 不接近海岸。 主要生活在那南方在被在春天洄游至海洋的中央部份和在十一月到十二月回到南方的冬天。 发现于在三月到四月的上层了, 但是在夏天与秋天对 16 到 32 公尺下降。 主要吃桡脚类的动物, 也大洋性的糠虾与小鱼。 在开放海域中间歇地繁殖于一月到九月。 分枝在里海的南部中据说被耗尽了。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
前蘇聯與亞洲: 裡海的中部與南部。
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
濒危 (EN) (A2bde); Date assessed: 17 July 2017
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00435 - 0.01206), b=3.01 (2.87 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.6 (2.2 - 4.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 11
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
