分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Scomberomorus: Latin, scomber = mackerel + Greek, moros = silly, stupid (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 1 - 40 m (Ref. 28173), usually 20 - 25 m (Ref. 28173). 熱帶; 45°N - 19°S, 24°W - 14°E (Ref. 168)
Eastern Atlantic: Canary Islands and Senegal to the Gulf of Guinea and Baía dos Tigres, Angola. Rarely found in the northern Mediterranean Sea, along the coasts of France and Italy. This species has been erroneously been considered as a synonym of Scomberomorus maculatus by many authors.
東大西洋: 加納利群島而且塞內加爾到幾內亞灣與 Baia 做 Tigres ，安哥拉。 很少發現於地中海北部了, 沿著法國與義大利的海岸。 這種曾經錯誤地被許多作家被當作一個 Scomberomorus maculatus 的同種異名。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 37.3, range 33 - 45 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2683); 98.0 cm FL (female); common length : 75.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2683); 最大体重: 6.0 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 5 年 (Ref. 27160)
背棘 (总数) : 15 - 18; 背的软条 (总数) : 0; 臀鳍软条: 17 - 20; 脊椎骨: 46 - 47. Interpelvic process small and bifid. Body covered with small scales. Lateral line gradually curving down toward caudal peduncle. Intestine with 2 folds and 3 limbs. Swim bladder absent. Some large individuals with thin vertical bars. Anterior half of first dorsal fin and margin of posterior half of first fin black.
腹鳍间的突起小而两裂的。 身体覆盖着小鳞片。 侧线逐渐地对于尾柄弯曲下来。 肠道有 2 摺层与 3 肢翼。 泳鳔不存在。 一些大的个体有薄的纵带。 前半部的第一背鳍与第一鳍黑色的后半段的边缘。
Inhabits warm waters (Ref. 2683). Forms school close to the shore (Ref. 9987). Enters coastal lagoons and feeds on clupeids particularly Ethmalosa fimbriata. Reproduces in July to August (Ref. 5377). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6769). Utilized fresh, dried-salted, smoked and frozen (Ref. 9987).
栖息于温暖的水域。 (参考文献 2683) 形成鱼群接近海岸.(参考文献 9987) 进入岸边泻湖特别地并且吃鲱鱼 筛鲱［Ethmalosa fimbriata］ . 生鲜使用 , 乾燥盐腌, 烟熏了与冷冻的.(参考文献 9987) 在七月到八月繁殖。 (参考文献 5377)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東大西洋: 加納利群島而且塞內加爾到幾內亞灣與 Baia 做 Tigres ，安哥拉。 很少發現於地中海北部了, 沿著法國與義大利的海岸。 這種曾經錯誤地被許多作家被當作一個 Scomberomorus maculatus 的同種異名。
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.7 - 27.7, mean 25.9 °C (based on 10 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00511 - 0.01354), b=3.02 (2.89 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.31-0.33; tmax=5; Fec=1 million).
Prior r = 0.39, 95% CL = 0.26 - 0.59, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 31.4 [14.7, 118.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.768 [0.360, 1.957] mg/100g; Protein = 20.9 [19.6, 22.0] %; Omega3 = 0.257 [0.156, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 45.4 [17.0, 180.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.7 [5.1, 110.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.793 [0.523, 1.256] mg/100g (wet weight);
