Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة. Tropical
Indian Ocean: Red Sea to Bombay, India. Mediterranean Sea: reported from the eastern basins from several country (Ref. 57855), in need of confirmation in some cases. Western Pacific Reported from Japan and the coast of China (Ref. 559), but other occurrences need confirmation.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 24.4 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 108876); common length : 15.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 30573); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 145.10 g (Ref. 108876)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 5; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 8 - 9; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 9.
Occur mainly in marine coastal waters. Also found in inlet waters and estuaries of rivers (Ref. 559). Juveniles associate with drifting seaweed (Ref. 12114, 12115). Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Thomson, J.M., 1984. Mugilidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 3. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 2830)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
Download XML
مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.4 - 29.2, mean 26.1 °C (based on 388 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00671 - 0.01634), b=2.92 (2.80 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 2.5 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 2.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 304 [119, 712] mg/100g; Iron = 1.83 [0.81, 3.76] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.5, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.382 [0.181, 0.840] g/100g; Selenium = 33.3 [14.9, 78.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.5 [6.9, 92.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.56 [1.69, 3.92] mg/100g (wet weight);
