分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods) >
Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Trisopterus: Greek, tris = thrice + Greek, pteron = wing, fin (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 30 - 100 m (Ref. 3663). 溫帶; 62°N - 25°N, 19°W - 16°E
Northeastern Atlantic: from Norway to Morocco incl. British Isles and offshore islands, and Skagerrak, and in the western Mediterranean Ref. 1371, 90172).
東大西洋: 不列顛群島與史卡基拉克海域到非洲海岸, 包括離岸島嶼。 也在地中海西部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 22.1, range 21 - 25 cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7034); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1371); 最大年龄: 4 年 (Ref. 1371)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0. Chin barbel well developed. Pelvic fins with slightly elongated anterior rays. Body light brown dorsally, relatively tall, grayish on the sides becoming silvery ventrally, with four or five broad indistinct transverse bars on the sides; a dark blotch at the upper edge of the pectoral-fin base (Ref. 1371). Eye diameter as snout length. Anus lies below the middle of the first dorsal fin (Ref. 35388).
下巴触须发展良好的。 腹鳍有些微地延长了前面的鳍条。 身体淡色的褐色背面, 相当高的, 浅灰色的侧边上腹地变成银色, 有四个或侧边上的五条宽的不明显的横跨横带; 在胸鳍基底的上缘的一个黑色斑块.(参考文献 1371) 如吻的长度眼直径。 肛门位于第一背鳍的中央下面。 (参考文献 35388)
Gregarious fish; immature ones often occur in large schools. Lives mostly on the outer shelf, but moves inshore to depths of 50 m or less for spawning. Feeds on benthic crustaceans but also on small fish, mollusks and polychaetes (Ref. 3663). Caught as a bycatch, used as food fish (Ref. 35388).
群居的鱼; 不成熟的一些时常大群出现。 大部份靠外部的大陆棚生活, 但是向海岸移动到深度 50 公尺以内进行产卵。 吃底栖的甲壳动物也捕食小鱼，软件动物与多毛类动物.(参考文献 3663) 捕捉作为一个被作为食用鱼的误捕.(参考文献 35388)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous, sexes are separate (Ref. 205).東大西洋: 不列顛群島與史卡基拉克海域到非洲海岸, 包括離岸島嶼。 也在地中海西部。
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.1 - 12.8, mean 9.6 °C (based on 168 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00741 (0.00637 - 0.00863), b=3.10 (3.06 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.2-0.4; tm=1-2; tmax=4; Fec=200,000).
Prior r = 0.32, 95% CL = 0.21 - 0.48, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 69.1 [17.6, 230.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.679 [0.148, 3.039] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [16.2, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.649 [0.318, 1.346] g/100g; Selenium = 14.4 [6.8, 30.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.5 [3.5, 52.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.29 [0.32, 3.68] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
