分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods) >
Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Trisopterus: Greek, tris = thrice + Greek, pteron = wing, fin (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 30 - 100 m (Ref. 3663). ; 62°N - 25°N, 19°W - 16°E
Northeastern Atlantic: from Norway to Morocco incl. British Isles and offshore islands, and Skagerrak, and in the western Mediterranean Ref. 1371, 90172).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 22.1, range 21 - 25 cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7034); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1371); 最大年齡: 4 年 (Ref. 1371)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 臀棘: 0. Chin barbel well developed. Pelvic fins with slightly elongated anterior rays. Body light brown dorsally, relatively tall, grayish on the sides becoming silvery ventrally, with four or five broad indistinct transverse bars on the sides; a dark blotch at the upper edge of the pectoral-fin base (Ref. 1371). Eye diameter as snout length. Anus lies below the middle of the first dorsal fin (Ref. 35388).
Gregarious fish; immature ones often occur in large schools. Lives mostly on the outer shelf, but moves inshore to depths of 50 m or less for spawning. Feeds on benthic crustaceans but also on small fish, mollusks and polychaetes (Ref. 3663). Caught as a bycatch, used as food fish (Ref. 35388).
Oviparous, sexes are separate (Ref. 205).
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.1 - 12.8, mean 9.6 °C (based on 168 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00741 (0.00638 - 0.00861), b=3.10 (3.06 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.2-0.4; tm=1-2; tmax=4; Fec=200,000).
Prior r = 0.32, 95% CL = 0.21 - 0.48, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 69.1 [17.6, 230.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.679 [0.148, 3.039] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [16.2, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.649 [0.318, 1.346] g/100g; Selenium = 14.4 [6.8, 30.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.5 [3.5, 52.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.29 [0.32, 3.68] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
