Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री प्रवाल-भित्ति संयुक्त; गहराई सीमा 3 - 36 m (Ref. 5227). Tropical; 28°N - 5°S, 120°W - 70°W
Eastern Pacific: Cedros Island, Baja California, Mexico to Salinas, Ecuador, including the Galapagos Islands.
आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 9276); common length : 30.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 9276)
Common around rocky reefs and along continental coasts (Ref. 9276). Feeds on sea urchins, small crustaceans and mollusks, often blowing into sand to uncover prey or turn over urchins (Ref. 5227).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा
Females are territorial, solely tending and guarding the eggs (Ref. 116451). Males exhibit polygyny (Ref. 116451).
Bussing, W.A., 1995. Balistidae. Pejepuercos, calafates, gatillos. p. 905-909. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9276)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
साधन
Special reports
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.2 - 23.1, mean 22.3 °C (based on 8 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02570 (0.01232 - 0.05364), b=2.94 (2.77 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.35 se; based on food items.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 38.8 [16.1, 92.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.572 [0.297, 1.272] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.3, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.107 [0.054, 0.207] g/100g; Selenium = 34.1 [18.1, 70.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 50 [14, 174] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.02 [0.70, 1.52] mg/100g (wet weight);