Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina; sötvatten; brackvatten bottenlevande; amfidrom (Ref. 51243). Tropical
Indo-West Pacific: India, Philippines, Indonesia, and New Guinea. Also from the Ryukyu Islands (Ref. 559). Rare in freshwaters (Ref. 245).
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.5 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 7050)
Rare species (Ref. 559). Possess venom glands at the base of some of the spines.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari and S. Wirjoatmodjo, 1993. Freshwater fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong. 221 p. (Ref. 7050)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Threat to humans
Venomous
Human uses
Fiskeri: saknar intresse
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.2 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 2495 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).