Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; air tawar; payau dasar (demersal); amphidromus (Ref. 51243). Tropical
Indo-West Pacific: India, Philippines, Indonesia, and New Guinea. Also from the Ryukyu Islands (Ref. 559). Rare in freshwaters (Ref. 245).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.5 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 7050)
Rare species (Ref. 559). Possess venom glands at the base of some of the spines.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari and S. Wirjoatmodjo, 1993. Freshwater fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong. 221 p. (Ref. 7050)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
ancaman kepada manusia
Venomous
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: tidak ada kepentingan
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.2 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 2495 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).