Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; brackish; reef-associated. Subtropical
Indo-Pacific: From south-western Australia to New South Wales and Tasmania.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 34.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9002)
Inhabits shallow rocky reefs, sandy and weedy flats; also in estuaries. Feeds on algae.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Scott, T.D., C.J.M. Glover and R.V. Southcott, 1974. The marine and freshwater fishes of South Australia. A.B. James, Government Printer, South Australia. 2nd ed. 392 p. (Ref. 2156)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.9 - 20.8, mean 17.5 °C (based on 298 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00674 - 0.03244), b=3.08 (2.89 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Assuming tm=2-4.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 39.8 [16.3, 67.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.601 [0.337, 1.139] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.8, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.139 [0.073, 0.257] g/100g; Selenium = 13 [6, 30] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.9 [5.7, 119.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.15 [0.73, 1.97] mg/100g (wet weight);