分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs)
鱸形目 (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches)
鱸科 (Perches) > Percinae
Etymology: Gymnocephalus: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, kephale = head (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Eugene Kornel Balon (1930–2013) was a Canadian ichthyologist and writer. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性; pH range: 6.8 - 7.8; dH range: 10 - 20. 溫帶; 10°C - 20°C (Ref. 12468)
Europe: Danube (from delta to Germany) and Dniepr (from delta to Kiev) drainages; expected in Dniestr.
歐洲: 多瑙河系統。 在伯恩公約的附錄 3 中 (受保育的動物群).
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 59043)
背棘 (總數) : 14 - 16. Distinguished uniquely from its congeners by its body depth, 27-30% SL. Differs further from other species of the genus by the combination of the following characters: flank grey with a few large, irregular, dark blotches; and dorsal fin with 14-16 spines (Ref. 59043).
Inhabits open sandy and muddy bottom in backwaters and large rivers with moderate current. Undertake migration from river mainstreams to backwaters to spawn. Nocturnal, feeding on small invertebrates (Ref. 59043).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
歐洲: 多瑙河系統。 在伯恩公約的附錄 3 中 (受保育的動物群).
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 February 2023
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00465 - 0.02359), b=3.05 (2.86 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
