Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Soleidae (Soles)
Etymology: Pardachirus: Greek, pardias, -ou = a fish similar to grey mullet + Greek, cheir = hand (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina revassocierade; djupintervall 1 - 15 m (Ref. 3200). Tropical

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea and Persian Gulf to Durban, South Africa and Sri Lanka (Ref. 30573).

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 26.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 11441); common length : 20.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3505)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 63 - 74; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 48 - 55; Ryggkotor: 37 - 39.

Occurs in shallow coastal waters, on sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 30573). Feeds mainly on bottom living invertebrates. Marketed fresh. Produces a bitter toxic substance from the bases of the dorsal and anal fin rays that deters predation, even by sharks (Ref. 9710) and thus may prove valuable as a shark repellent (Ref. 4537).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Heemstra, P.C. and O. Gon, 1986. Soleidae. p. 868-874. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3200)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 13 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Other (Ref. 4537)

Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiell

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25 - 29.3, mean 28 °C (based on 1176 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00466 - 0.02049), b=3.07 (2.90 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.8 ±0.26 se; based on food items.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 70 [25, 246] mg/100g; Iron = 0.567 [0.225, 1.147] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.6, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.0627 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 23.4 [11.6, 52.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 70.4 [18.7, 272.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.14 [0.69, 1.72] mg/100g (wet weight);

Pardachirus marmoratus (Lacepède, 1802)