分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 1 - 50 m (Ref. 89707). 熱帶; 32°N - 13°S, 115°W - 76°W (Ref. 5222)
Eastern Pacific: northern Gulf of California to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands.
東太平洋: 加州灣北部到祕魯, 包括加拉巴哥群島。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5222); common length : 18.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 55763)
背棘 (總數) : 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 17 - 19; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 9. Preopercle rounded, the posterior edge distinctly serrate, with a large spine (usually covered with skin) projecting downward and forward at the angle. Color in life: head and body marbled reddish brown, with obscure bars and small dark and pale spots all over the head, body and median fins. Pectoral fins with 7 or 8 irregular transverse series of small dark spots (Ref. 5222); further characterized by having body depth less than or equal to head length, depth contained 2.3-2.8 times in standard length; caudal peduncle depth 11-12% of SL; eye diameter subequal to snout length, contained 4.1-5.5 times in HL; color in market: similar to color in life but color may fade to a buff, reticulations on pectoral fins usually remain (Ref. 89707).
前鰓蓋骨圓形的, 後緣明顯鋸齒狀, 具有一個大的棘 (通常覆蓋著皮膚) 突出的向下而向前的以角。 有大理石花紋的頭部與身體紅褐色的, 在全頭部，身體與中央的鰭有模糊的橫帶與小的深色而灰白的斑點。 胸鰭有 7 或 8個不規則的橫跨成列的小深色的斑點。
A shallow water, cryptically colored, secretive species that inhabits seagrass areas. Also found in rocky reefs in depths of 1-50 m (Ref. 89707). Sedentary during the day, hiding in crevices or lying among seaweed, and rely on their effective camouflage to escape detection. Sometimes partly covering itself with sand. Nocturnal predators feeding mainly on benthic crustaceans.
一個淺水區, 居住於海草區域的善於隱藏彩色又躲躲藏藏的種。 定棲的在白天期間, 藏在裂隙中或躺在海草中, 而且仰賴他們的有效偽裝逃脫發現。 有時部分用沙子覆蓋自己。 夜行的掠食者主要捕食底棲的甲殼動物。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東太平洋: 加州灣北部到祕魯, 包括加拉巴哥群島。
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 December 2016
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.6 - 28.4, mean 25.9 °C (based on 66 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00553 - 0.02385), b=3.04 (2.88 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Assuming Fec > 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 163 [65, 301] mg/100g; Iron = 1.07 [0.59, 1.98] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.8, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.244 [0.144, 0.415] g/100g; Selenium = 46.8 [26.8, 90.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 28.4 [10.4, 87.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.26 [0.91, 1.83] mg/100g (wet weight);
