分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Pterotolithus: Greek, pteron = wing, fin + Greek, ous, otis = ear + Greek, lithos = stone (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性; 非遷移的. 熱帶
Western Pacific: Borneo, Indonesia, and Malaysia.
西太平洋: 印尼的婆羅洲 , 與馬來西亞。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9772); common length : 40.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9772)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 24 - 27; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 7 - 8.
Found in coastal waters, estuaries and mouths of rivers. Also caught with bottom trawls and handlines (Ref. 9772). Marketed fresh as well as dried salted; swim bladder dried (Ref. 2113).
發現於沿岸水域，河口與河口了。 也用底拖網與手執的釣絲捕獲。 (參考文獻 9772) 在市場上銷售生鮮地了以及乾燥鹽醃; 泳鰾乾製了。 (參考文獻 2113)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西太平洋: 印尼的婆羅洲 , 與馬來西亞。
Chan, W., U. Bathia and D. Carlsson, 1974. Sciaenidae. In W. Fischer and P.J.P. Whitehead (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 57) and Western Central Pacific (Fishing Area 71). Volume 3. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 2113)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
工具
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 28.2 - 29.3, mean 28.8 °C (based on 382 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
