Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; standvastig; diepte 1 - 50 m (Ref. 10482). Tropical
Eastern Central Pacific: restricted to the Hawaiian Islands and Johnston islands.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 16.5 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3921)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 13; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 9; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 5. Large pectoral fin, upper rays branched distally; dorsal fin spines longer than 1/2 body depth, membranes deeply incised. Scales ctenoid with about 50-55 vertical scale rows. Coronal spines present; some branching of head spines in large specimens. Suborbital ridge a single row of spines, not as broad patch of tiny spinules. Supraocular tentacle when present short, less than orbit diameter and usually absent; without black band.
Found under ledges in turbid lagoons and clear seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). Collected in depths from near shore to about 50 meters (Ref. 10482). Benthic in crevices and caves during day, or sometimes benthopelagic at night, at 1-134 m (Ref. 58302).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Randall, J.E., 1985. Guide to Hawaiian reef fishes. Harrowood Books, Newtown Square, PA 19073, USA. 74 p. (Ref. 3921)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Venomous
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel; Aquarium: Commercieel
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.2 - 28.4, mean 25.2 °C (based on 62 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00444 - 0.02358), b=3.01 (2.82 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 76.3 [40.5, 158.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.735 [0.376, 1.792] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.2, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.241 [0.102, 0.676] g/100g; Selenium = 24.2 [12.6, 61.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 265 [89, 755] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.24 [0.82, 1.85] mg/100g (wet weight);
